Editing Remote work (section)

==Statistics==
[[File:36% of Europeans want teleworking to be favoured to fight climate change More specifically, concerning transport, which three actions should be prioritised to combat climate change..svg|thumb|36% of Europeans interviewed by the [[European Investment Bank]] Climate Survey supported remote work to be favoured to fight climate change.]]

In 2020, 12.3% of employed persons, including 13.2% of women and 11.5% of men, in the European Union who were aged 15–64, usually worked from home. By country, the percentage of workers that worked from home was highest in Finland (25.1%), [[Luxembourg]] (23.1%), Ireland (21.5%), Austria (18.1%), and the Netherlands (17.8%) and lowest in [[Bulgaria]] (1.2%), Romania (2.5%), [[Croatia]] (3.1%), Hungary (3.6%), and [[Latvia]] (4.5%).<ref>{{Cite news | title=How usual is it to work from home? | url=https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/products-eurostat-news/-/edn-20210517-2 | work=[[Europa (web portal)|Europa]] | date=May 17, 2021}}</ref>

In 2023, economist and telework expert [[Nicholas Bloom]] said about a third of all working days are remote, slashing corporate real estate expenditures, and up from 5% before the pandemic.<ref>{{Cite AV media |last1=Bloom |first1=Nicholas |title=Home is where the work is |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fptjLm2HXMg |date=February 10, 2023 |publisher=Stanford University School of Engineering |work=The Future of Everything Podcast |format=video |language=en}}</ref> Bloom believes quickly progressing technology has facilitated and will continue the trend, but drawbacks for some kinds of positions will remain.

A September 2022 study surveyed workers from 26 countries in mid-2021 and early 2022. Its respondents work from home an average of 1.5 days per week.<ref name=":1" />

=== United States ===
According to a [[Gallup (company)|Gallup]] poll in September 2021, 45% of full-time U.S. employees worked from home, including 25% who worked from home all of the time and 20% who worked from home part of the time. 91% of those who work remotely (fully or partially) hoped to continue to do so after the pandemic. Among all workers, 54% believed that their company's culture would be unchanged by remote work, while 12% believed it would improve and 33% predicted it would deteriorate.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Saad |first1=Lydia |last2=Wigert |first2=Ben |date=October 13, 2021 |title=Remote Work Persisting and Trending Permanent |url=https://news.gallup.com/poll/355907/remote-work-persisting-trending-permanent.aspx |access-date=April 23, 2023 |work=[[Gallup (company)|Gallup]]}}</ref>

Gallup found in February 2023 that, among remote-capable employees in the U.S., 20% worked on-site, 28% exclusively remote and 52% hybrid.<ref>Goldberg, E. (March 30, 2023). [https://www.nytimes.com/2023/03/30/business/economy/remote-work-measure-surveys.html?partner=calculated Do we know how many people are working from home?] ''The New York Times''. Retrieved on May 2, 2023.

Gallup. [https://www.gallup.com/401384/indicator-hybrid-work.aspx Hybrid Work Indicators]. Retrieved on May 2, 2023.</ref>

According to the [[United States Office of Personnel Management]], 50% of all U.S. federal workers were eligible to work remotely and agencies saved more than $180 million because of remote work in fiscal 2020.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Wagner |first=Erich |date=January 7, 2022 |title=Report: 45% of All Federal Employees Teleworked in Fiscal 2020 |url=https://www.govexec.com/workforce/2022/01/report-45-all-federal-employees-teleworked-fiscal-2020/360507/ |work=[[Government Executive]]}}</ref>

A September 2022 study{{Efn|This study also surveyed workers from 26 other countries. See citation (Aksoy 2022) for more.}} surveyed workers in mid-2021 and early 2022. Its 2,079 US subjects worked from home on average 1.6 days per week, similar to the global average of 1.5 days per week.<ref name=":1" />

=== United Kingdom ===
These results may vary based on the type of sample collected. Certain groups may have fewer office-workers, e.g., in more urban locations or industries requiring more manual labour. As such groups may find remote working impossible, their presence or absence in these samples may affect the analysis.

A June 2022 survey{{Efn|This survey also studied Asia-Pacific, Latin America, North America, and the European Union to a lesser extent. See citation (AWA Hybrid Working Index 3) for those results.}} of 56 offices found that 51% had no policy requiring office attendance, 18% requiring two days per week, 11% requiring three days per week, and 20% had policy set at team-level.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=January 8, 2024 |title=AWA Hybrid Working Index 3 |url=https://www.advanced-workplace.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/AWA-Hybrid-Working-Index-3-Report.pdf |access-date=January 8, 2024 |website=advanced-workplace}}</ref>

A September 2022 study{{Efn|This study also surveyed workers from 26 other countries. See citation (Aksoy 2022) for more.}} surveyed workers in mid-2021 and early 2022. Its 1,501 UK subjects worked from home on average two days per week – above the global average of 1.5 days per week.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last1=Aksoy |first1=Cevat |last2=Barrero |first2=Jose |last3=Bloom |first3=Nicholas |last4=Davis |first4=Steven |last5=Dolls |first5=Mathias |last6=Zarate |first6=Pablo |date=September 2022 |title=Working From Home Around the World |url=https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w30446/w30446.pdf |journal=NBER |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240108174059/https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w30446/w30446.pdf |archive-date=January 8, 2024}}</ref>

An April 2023 survey of 558 central London workers' requirements for onsite working found the most common response was two and three days per week at 26% and 21% of responses respectively. Fewer cited one, four, and five days, each making 8–11% of responses. Having no requirement was second-most common at 25% of responses. It also found that about 18% of vacancies listed by London companies in February 2023 were hybrid or remote, up from about 4% in February 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Swinney |first1=Paul |last2=Graham |first2=Daniel |last3=Vera |first3=Olivia |last4=Anupriya |last5=Hörcher |first5=Daniel |last6=Ojha |first6=Surabhi |date=May 2023 |title=Office politics London and the rise of home working |url=https://www.centreforcities.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/Office-Politics-May-2023.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240109103807/https://www.centreforcities.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/Office-Politics-May-2023.pdf |archive-date=January 9, 2024 |access-date=January 8, 2024 |website=www.centreforcities.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last1=Swinney |first1=Paul |last2=Vera |first2=Olivia |date=May 24, 2023 |title=Office politics: London and the rise of home working |url=https://www.centreforcities.org/blog/how-many-days-are-employers-requiring-workers-be-in-the-office/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240109135757/https://www.centreforcities.org/blog/how-many-days-are-employers-requiring-workers-be-in-the-office/ |archive-date=January 9, 2024 |access-date=January 8, 2024 |website=www.centreforcities.org}}</ref>

An early 2023 survey of 2,049 workers found that 35% must work onsite for two days, 33% for three days, and 33% always work from home. In a separate question, 7% said their employer does not allow hybrid working.<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 2023 |title=Flexible and hybrid working practices in 2023 Employer and employee perspectives |url=https://www.cipd.org/globalassets/media/knowledge/knowledge-hub/reports/2023-pdfs/2023-flexible-hybrid-working-practices-report-8392.pdf |access-date=January 8, 2024 |website=Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development}}</ref>

A March 2023 survey of 2,016 adults found a roughly even distribution of required onsite days per week peaking at two and three days at about 16% each. However, it found a large spike in five days per week, the most common response at over 35%. About 13% were required to work fewer than one day per week.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Ali |first1=Vinous |last2=Corfe |first2=Scott |last3=Norman |first3=Amy |last4=Wilson |first4=Jude |date=September 13, 2023 |title=Hybrid Work Commission 2023 |url=https://www.publicfirst.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Hybrid-Work-Commission-report-Embargoed-until-13th-Sept-2023.pdf |access-date=January 8, 2024 |website=www.publicfirst.co.uk}}</ref>

Countering the above results suggesting a peak around 2–3 days per week, an April 2023 survey of 1,000 office workers found a peak of five days per week required onsite. Requirements for fewer days were progressively rarer, culminating in 0% saying they must work onsite less than once per month.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bogunovic |first=Sofia |date=April 11, 2023 |title=Top hybrid work trend stats from companies in the UK for 2023 |url=https://www.travelperk.com/blog/top-hybrid-work-trend-stats-from-global-companies/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240109112646/https://www.travelperk.com/blog/top-hybrid-work-trend-stats-from-global-companies/ |archive-date=January 9, 2024 |access-date=January 8, 2023 |website=TravelPerk}}</ref>{{Unreliable source?|date=January 2024|reason=This survey was by a travel management firm so they may have an incentive to say fewer people WFH than in reality in order to justify their services for commercial travel.}}

A May 2022 survey by the [[Office for National Statistics]] (ONS) found that 14% of working arrangements were fully remote, 24% were hybrid, and 46% were fully onsite.<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 23, 2022 |title=Is hybrid working here to stay? |url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peopleinwork/employmentandemployeetypes/articles/ishybridworkingheretostay/2022-05-23 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240109121415/https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peopleinwork/employmentandemployeetypes/articles/ishybridworkingheretostay/2022-05-23 |archive-date=January 9, 2024 |access-date=January 8, 2024 |website=Office for National Statistics}}</ref>

A June 2023 survey of 2,000 full-time workers found that 6% of working arrangements were fully remote, 46% were hybrid, and 48% were fully onsite.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023 |title=State of hybrid work 2023 |url=https://owllabs.co.uk/state-of-hybrid-work/2023/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240109121615/https://owllabs.co.uk/state-of-hybrid-work/2023/ |archive-date=January 9, 2024 |access-date=January 8, 2024 |website=Owl Labs}}</ref>

An Autumn Survey by ONS found that more than a quarter of working adults in Great Britain (28%) had hybrid arrangements.<ref name="ons.gov.uk">{{Cite web |title=Who are the hybrid workers? - Office for National Statistics |url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/employmentandlabourmarket/peopleinwork/employmentandemployeetypes/articles/whoarethehybridworkers/2024-11-11#:~:text=While%20the%20trend%20in%20working,some%20workers%20more%20than%20others. |access-date=2024-11-11 |website=www.ons.gov.uk}}</ref> They found that those aged over 30, parents and managers and professionals were the most likely to log on from home.<ref name="ons.gov.uk"/>

For those able to have a hybrid arrangement, the ONS said there were significant perks, including an average of 56 minutes saved from commuting, and spending an average of 24 minutes more on sleep and rest and 15 minutes more on exercise, sports and wellbeing.<ref name="ons.gov.uk"/>