Editing Reporter gene (section)

=== Discovery of Types of Reporter Genes ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
! Gene name
! Gene product
!Significance
! Assay
! Ref.
|-
|1961
| [[lac operon|''lacZ'']]
| [[Beta-galactosidase|β-galactosidase]]
|[[François Jacob]] and [[Jacques Monod]] were awarded a [[Nobel Prize]] in 1965 for their work.
| Enzyme assay, Histochemical (X-gal)
|<ref name=":9" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1965 |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1965/summary/ |access-date=2025-04-04 |website=NobelPrize.org |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|1962
| ''rfp''
|[[Red fluorescent protein]]
|
|[[microscope|Microscopical]], [[Spectrophotometry]]
|<ref name="Nordgren2014">{{Cite journal
 | pmid = 24382456
| year = 2014
| last1 = Nordgren
| first1 = I. K.
| title = A bidirectional fluorescent two-hybrid system for monitoring protein-protein interactions
| journal = Molecular BioSystems
| volume = 10
| issue = 3
| pages = 485–90
| last2 = Tavassoli
| first2 = A
| doi = 10.1039/c3mb70438f
| doi-access = free
| s2cid = 12713372
}}</ref>
|-
|1979
| ''cat''
| [[Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase]]
|Used for measuring gene expression in [[Eukaryote|eukaryotic]] cells.
| [[Chloramphenicol]] acetylation
|<ref name=":10" />
|-
|1985
|''luc''
|[[Luciferase|Luciferase enzyme]]
|Provided a sensitive [[Bioluminescence|bioluminescent]] reporter for gene expression studies.
|[[Bioluminescence]]
|<ref name=":2" />
|-
|1987
|''gus''
|[[Β-Glucuronidase|B-Glucuronidase]]
|Became a widely used reporter gene in plant biology due to its high stability and easy detection in [[Histology|histochemical]] assays. Enabled visualization of gene expression patterns in plant tissues.
|Histochemical, [[Fluorescence spectroscopy|Fluorometric]]
|<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Jefferson |first1=R. A. |last2=Kavanagh |first2=T. A. |last3=Bevan |first3=M. W. |date=December 1987 |title=GUS fusions: beta-glucuronidase as a sensitive and versatile gene fusion marker in higher plants. |journal=The EMBO Journal |volume=6 |issue=13 |pages=3901–3907 |doi=10.1002/j.1460-2075.1987.tb02730.x |issn=0261-4189 |pmc=553867 |pmid=3327686}}</ref>
|-
|1994
| ''gfp''    
| [[Green fluorescent protein]]
|Enabled real-time visualization of gene expression in live cells.
| [[Fluorescence in the life sciences|Fluorescence microscopy]]
|<ref name=":1" />
|}