Editing Retinal detachment (section)

== Causes and risk factors ==
Rhegmatogenous retinal detachments are most often caused by [[posterior vitreous detachment]] (PVD).<ref name="nhs" /><ref name=":2" /> This occurs when the [[Vitreous body|vitreous]] begins to liquefy and shrink, pulling away from the retina.<ref name=":12">{{Cite book |title=Rosen's emergency medicine: concepts and clinical practice |date=2023 |publisher=Elsevier |isbn=978-0-323-75789-8 |editor-last=Walls |editor-first=Ron M. |location=Philadelphia, PA |editor-last2=Hockberger |editor-first2=Robert S. |editor-last3=Gausche-Hill |editor-first3=Marianne |editor-last4=Rosen |editor-first4=Peter}}</ref><ref name=":13">{{Cite book |title=Ophthalmology |date=2023 |publisher=Elsevier |isbn=978-0-323-79515-9 |editor-last=Yanoff |editor-first=Myron |edition=Sixth |location=London New York Oxford Philadelphia St. Louis Sydney |editor-last2=Duker |editor-first2=Jay S.}}</ref> While this process is typically harmless and often presents without symptoms, it can lead to retinal holes or tears that may progress to a full retinal detachment if left untreated.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2024-11-07 |title=What Is a Posterior Vitreous Detachment? |url=https://www.aao.org/eye-health/diseases/what-is-posterior-vitreous-detachment |access-date=2024-12-06 |website=American Academy of Ophthalmology |language=en}}</ref>

=== Risk Factors Related to Posterior Vitreous Detachment ===
Factors that increase the likelihood of posterior vitreous detachment and therefore, retinal detachment, include:

* '''Age:''' The vitreous liquefies as a normal part of aging, increasing the risk for subsequent detachment.<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":10">{{Cite journal |last1=Flaxel |first1=Christina J. |last2=Adelman |first2=Ron A. |last3=Bailey |first3=Steven T. |last4=Fawzi |first4=Amani |last5=Lim |first5=Jennifer I. |last6=Vemulakonda |first6=G. Atma |last7=Ying |first7=Gui-shuang |date=January 2020 |title=Posterior Vitreous Detachment, Retinal Breaks, and Lattice Degeneration Preferred Practice Pattern® |url=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2019.09.027 |journal=Ophthalmology |volume=127 |issue=1 |pages=P146–P181 |doi=10.1016/j.ophtha.2019.09.027 |pmid=31757500 |issn=0161-6420}}</ref> 
* '''[[Myopia]] (nearsightedness):''' Individuals with myopia have a longer axial length of the eyeball, which increases their risk of developing posterior vitreous detachment.<ref name=":7" /><ref name=":10" />
* '''Trauma:''' Blunt and penetrating trauma to the eye can disrupt the vitreous, leading to posterior vitreous detachment.<ref name=":11" /><ref name=":10" />
* '''[[Cataract surgery]]:''' Previous cataract surgery, particularly when associated with vitreous loss, is linked to shifts in the vitreous, increasing the risk of posterior vitreous detachment.<ref name=":11" /><ref name=":6" /><ref>{{Cite book |title=Ryan's Retina. Volume 3 / editor-in-chief SriniVas R. Sadda, MD (Professor of Ophthalmology, Doheny Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA) |date=2023 |publisher=Elsevier |isbn=978-0-323-72213-1 |editor-last=Sadda |editor-first=SriniVas R. |edition=Seventh |location=London New York Oxford Philadelphia St Louis Sydney |editor-last2=Wilkinson |editor-first2=Charles P. |editor-last3=Wiedemann |editor-first3=Peter |editor-last4=Schachat |editor-first4=Andrew P.}}</ref>
* '''Inflammation:''' Inflammatory eye conditions, such as [[uveitis]], are associated with an increased risk of posterior vitreous detachment.<ref name=":11" /><ref name=":6" />

=== Other Risk Factors ===
Less frequently, rhegmatogenous retinal detachments can occur without PVD. Risk factors for retinal detachment that are not related to posterior vitreous detachment include:

* '''Family history of retinal detachment'''<ref name=":7" />
* '''Previous retinal detachment in the other eye<ref name=":1" />'''<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" />
* '''[[Lattice degeneration]]:''' Thinning of the retina, which increases its susceptibility to breaks or tears.<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Lattice Degeneration - Patients - The American Society of Retina Specialists |url=https://www.asrs.org/patients/retinal-diseases/36/lattice-degeneration |access-date=2024-12-06 |website=www.asrs.org}}</ref>
* '''Cystic [[retinal tuft]]:''' A small, raised spot present on the retina from birth that increases the risk for tears and detachment.<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7" />