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Rhenium
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===Isotopes=== {{Main|Isotopes of rhenium}} Rhenium has one [[Stable nuclide|stable]] isotope, rhenium-185, which nevertheless occurs in minority abundance, a situation found only in two other elements ([[indium]] and [[tellurium]]). Naturally occurring rhenium is only 37.4% <sup>185</sup>Re, and 62.6% <sup>187</sup>Re, which is [[Radionuclide|unstable]] but has a very long [[half-life]] (~10<sup>10</sup> years). A kilogram of natural rhenium emits 1.07 [[Becquerel|MBq]] of radiation due to the presence of this isotope. This lifetime can be greatly affected by the charge state of the rhenium atom.<ref>{{cite web|work=math.ucr.edu|url=http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/physics/ParticleAndNuclear/decay_rates.html|title=How to Change Nuclear Decay Rates|date=1993|first=Bill|last=Johnson|access-date=2009-02-21}}</ref><ref name="Bosch1996">{{cite journal|last1=Bosch|first1=F.|last2=Faestermann|first2=T.|last3=Friese|first3=J.|last4=Heine|first4=F.|last5=Kienle|first5=P.|last6=Wefers|first6=E.|last7=Zeitelhack|first7=K.|last8=Beckert|first8=K.|last9=Franzke|first9=B.|last10=Klepper|first10=O.|last11=Kozhuharov|first11=C.|last12=Menzel|first12=G.|last13=Moshammer|first13=R.|last14=Nolden|first14=F.|last15=Reich|first15=H.|last16=Schlitt|first16=B.|last17=Steck|first17=M.|last18=Stöhlker|first18=T.|last19=Winkler|first19=T.|last20=Takahashi|first20=K.|display-authors=3|title=Observation of bound-state ''β''<sup>−</sup> decay of fully ionized <sup>187</sup>Re: <sup>187</sup>Re-<sup>187</sup>Os Cosmochronometry|date=1996|journal=[[Physical Review Letters]]|volume=77|issue=26|pages=5190–5193|doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.5190|bibcode=1996PhRvL..77.5190B|pmid=10062738}}</ref> The [[beta decay]] of <sup>187</sup>Re is used for [[rhenium–osmium dating]] of ores. The available energy for this beta decay (2.6 [[keV]]) is the second lowest known among all [[radionuclide]]s, only behind the decay from <sup>115</sup>In to excited <sup>115</sup>Sn* (0.147 keV).<ref>{{cite journal | last1=Belli | first1=P. | last2=Bernabei | first2=R. | last3=Danevich | first3=F. A. | last4=Incicchitti | first4=A. | last5=Tretyak | first5=V. I. | title=Experimental searches for rare alpha and beta decays | journal=The European Physical Journal A | publisher=Springer Science and Business Media LLC | volume=55 | issue=8 | year=2019 | page=140 | issn=1434-6001 | doi=10.1140/epja/i2019-12823-2| arxiv=1908.11458 | bibcode=2019EPJA...55..140B }}</ref> The isotope rhenium-186m is notable as being one of the longest lived [[metastable isotope]]s with a half-life of around 200,000 years. There are 33 other unstable isotopes that have been recognized, ranging from <sup>160</sup>Re to <sup>194</sup>Re, the longest-lived of which is <sup>183</sup>Re with a half-life of 70 days.{{NUBASE2016|ref}}
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