Editing Rossby wave (section)

====Poleward-propagating atmospheric waves====
Deep [[convection]] ([[heat transfer]]) to the [[troposphere]] is enhanced over very warm sea surfaces in the tropics, such as during [[El Niño]] events.  This tropical forcing generates atmospheric Rossby waves that have a poleward and eastward migration.

Poleward-propagating Rossby waves explain many of the observed statistical connections between low- and high-latitude climates.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Hoskins |first1=Brian J. |last2=Karoly |first2=David J. |title=The Steady Linear Response of a Spherical Atmosphere to Thermal and Orographic Forcing |journal=Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences |date=June 1981 |volume=38 |issue=6 |pages=1179–1196 |doi=10.1175/1520-0469(1981)038<1179:TSLROA>2.0.CO;2 |bibcode=1981JAtS...38.1179H |doi-access=free }}</ref> One such phenomenon is [[sudden stratospheric warming]]. Poleward-propagating Rossby waves are an important and unambiguous part of the variability in the Northern Hemisphere, as expressed in the Pacific North America pattern.  Similar mechanisms apply in the Southern Hemisphere and partly explain the strong variability in the [[Amundsen Sea]] region of Antarctica.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Lachlan-Cope |first1=Tom |last2=Connolley |first2=William |title=Teleconnections between the tropical Pacific and the Amundsen-Bellinghausens Sea: Role of the El Niño/Southern Oscillation |journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |date=16 December 2006 |volume=111 |issue=D23 |doi=10.1029/2005JD006386 |bibcode=2006JGRD..11123101L |doi-access=free }}</ref> In 2011, a ''[[Nature Geoscience]]'' study using [[general circulation model]]s linked Pacific Rossby waves generated by increasing central tropical Pacific temperatures to warming of the Amundsen Sea region, leading to winter and spring continental warming of [[Ellsworth Land]] and [[Marie Byrd Land]] in [[West Antarctica]] via an increase in [[advection]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Ding |first1=Qinghua |last2=Steig |first2=Eric J. |last3=Battisti |first3=David S. |last4=Küttel |first4=Marcel |title=Winter warming in West Antarctica caused by central tropical Pacific warming |journal=Nature Geoscience |date=June 2011 |volume=4 |issue=6 |pages=398–403 |doi=10.1038/ngeo1129 |bibcode=2011NatGe...4..398D |citeseerx=10.1.1.459.8689 }}</ref>