Editing Selective perception (section)

==Relevant studies==
To understand when and why a particular region of a scene is selected, studies observed and described the eye movements of individuals as they go about performing specific tasks. In this case, vision was an active process that integrated scene properties with specific, goal-oriented oculomotor behavior.<ref>Canosa, R.L. (2009). Real-world vision: selective perception and task. ACM Trans. Appl. Percpt., 6, 2, Article 11, 34 pages.</ref>

The following discusses selective perception—the tendency to see what is there in light of one's own departmental interests. Dearborn and Simon had 23 middle-management executives experience a case study regarding the Castengo Steel Company. The executives' reactions showed strong departmental influences: 83% of the Sales executives perceived sales problems, 80% of the Production executives focused on organizational structure, and Accounting executives stressed profitability. Miscellaneous executives stressed human relations problems. These findings suggest that business executives focus on issues relevant to their departments when considering various organizational challenges and, thus, substantiate the influence of departmental roles on the shaping of managerial preoccupation and perception.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Dearborn |first1=DeWitt C. |last2=Simon |first2=Herbert A. |date=1958 |title=Selective Perception: A Note on the Departmental Identifications of Executives |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2785898 |journal=Sociometry |volume=21 |issue=2 |pages=140–144 |doi=10.2307/2785898 |jstor=2785898 |issn=0038-0431|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

In one classic study on this subject related to the [[hostile media effect]] (which is itself an example of selective perception), viewers watched a filmstrip of a particularly violent [[Princeton University|Princeton]]-[[Dartmouth College|Dartmouth]] [[American football]] game. Princeton viewers reported seeing nearly twice as many rule infractions committed by the Dartmouth team than did Dartmouth viewers. One Dartmouth alumnus did not see any infractions committed by the Dartmouth side and erroneously assumed he had been sent only part of the film, sending word requesting the rest.<ref>Hastorf, A.H. & Cantril, H. (1954). They saw a game: A case study. ''Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology'', 49, 129–134.</ref>