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Server farm
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===Performance per watt=== The [[EEMBC]] EnergyBench, [[SPECpower]], and the [[Transaction Processing Performance Council]] TPC-Energy are benchmarks designed to predict performance per watt in a server farm.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://itknowledgeexchange.techtarget.com/server-farm/tpc-describes-upcoming-server-power-efficiency-benchmark |title=TPC describes upcoming server power efficiency benchmark β Server Farming |publisher=Itknowledgeexchange.techtarget.com |date=2009-02-19 |access-date=2012-09-20 |archive-date=2012-02-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120220051246/http://itknowledgeexchange.techtarget.com/server-farm/tpc-describes-upcoming-server-power-efficiency-benchmark/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://searchdatacenter.techtarget.com/news/article/0,289142,sid80_gci1338006,00.html |title=TPC eyes energy consumption and virtualization benchmarks |publisher=Searchdatacenter.techtarget.com |date=2008-11-06 |access-date=2012-09-20 |archive-date=2009-09-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930234143/http://searchdatacenter.techtarget.com/news/article/0,289142,sid80_gci1338006,00.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> The power used by each rack of equipment can be measured at the [[power distribution unit]]. Some servers include power tracking hardware so the people running the server farm can measure the power used by each server.<ref>{{cite web|author=Rich MillerApril 1st, 2009 |url=http://www.datacenterknowledge.com/archives/2009/04/01/efficient-ups-aids-googles-extreme-pue/ |title=Efficient UPS Aids Google's Extreme PUE |publisher=Data Center Knowledge |date=2009-04-01 |access-date=2012-09-20}}</ref> The power used by the entire server farm may be reported in terms of [[power usage effectiveness]] or [[data center infrastructure efficiency]]. According to some estimates, for every 100 watts spent on running the servers, roughly another 50 watts is needed to cool them.<ref name="BBCnews">{{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/click_online/8297237.stm | title=Iceland looks to serve the world | work = BBC News | date=2009-10-09 | access-date=2009-10-15}}</ref> For this reason, the siting of a server farm can be as important as processor selection in achieving power efficiency. [[Iceland]], which has a cold climate all year as well as cheap and [[carbon-neutral]] [[geothermal electricity]] supply, is building its first major server farm hosting site.<ref name="BBCnews" /> Fibre optic cables are being laid from Iceland to [[North America]] and [[Europe]] to enable companies there to locate their servers in Iceland. Other countries with favorable conditions, such as Canada,<ref name="Channelbuzz.ca">{{cite web|url=http://www.channelbuzz.ca/2010/12/cold-front-can-canada-play-a-leading-role-in-the-cloud-846/ |title=Cold front: Can Canada play a leading role in the cloud? |publisher=ChannelBuzz.ca |date=2010-12-08 |access-date=2012-09-20}}</ref> Finland,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://datacenter-siting.weebly.com/ |title=Finland β First Choice for Siting Your Cloud Computing Data Center |publisher=Fincloud.freehostingcloud.com |date=2010-12-08 |access-date=2012-09-20}}</ref> Sweden<ref>[http://www.stockholmbusinessregion.se/templates/page____41724.aspx?epslanguage=EN] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100819190918/http://www.stockholmbusinessregion.se/templates/page____41724.aspx?epslanguage=EN|date=August 19, 2010}}</ref> and Switzerland,<ref>{{cite web|last=Wheeland |first=Matthew |url=http://www.greenbiz.com/news/2010/06/30/swiss-carbon-neutral-servers-hit-cloud |title=Swiss Carbon-Neutral Servers Hit the Cloud |publisher=GreenBiz.com |date=2010-06-30 |access-date=2012-09-20}}</ref> are trying to attract cloud computing data centers. In these countries, heat from the servers can be cheaply vented or used to help heat buildings, thus reducing the energy consumption of conventional heaters.<ref name="Channelbuzz.ca"/>
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