Editing Sexual intercourse (section)

===Stimulation===
Sexual intercourse or other sexual activity can encompass various [[sexually stimulating]] factors ([[Stimulus (physiology)|physiological stimulation]] or [[Stimulus (psychology)|psychological stimulation]]), including different [[sex position]]s (such as the [[missionary position]], the most common human sex position<ref name=":0">[[Julian Monge Najera|Monge-Nájera, J.]], Rodríguez, M., & González, M. I. (2017). [https://revistas.uned.ac.cr/index.php/cuadernos/article/view/1679/1899 Time to deconstruct the concepts of "foreplay" and "intercourse": the real structure of human sexual encounters]. {{ill|Cuadernos de Investigación UNED|es}}, 9(1), 59-64.</ref>) or the use of [[sex toy]]s.<ref name="Weiten, 2008">{{cite book |title=Psychology Applied to Modern Life: Adjustment in the 21st Century |isbn = 978-0-495-55339-7 |publisher=[[Cengage Learning]] |year=2008 |pages=422–423 |access-date=January 5, 2012 |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_2900495553396/page/422/ |author1=Wayne Weiten |author2=Margaret A. Lloyd |author3=Dana S. Dunn |author4=Elizabeth Yost Hammer |quote=The man-above, or "missionary," position is the most common [[sex position]].}}</ref><ref name="Taormino">{{cite book |last=Taormino |first=Tristan |author-link=Tristan Taormino |title=The Big Book of Sex Toys|publisher=Quiver|year=2009 |access-date=June 9, 2014|page=52|isbn=978-1-59233-355-4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Hfly-iMkWRkC&pg=PA52}}</ref> [[Foreplay]] may precede some sexual activities, often leading to [[sexual arousal]] of the partners and resulting in the erection of the [[Human penis|penis]] or [[Vaginal lubrication|natural lubrication]] of the [[vagina]].<ref name="Weiten, 2011">{{cite book|title=Psychology Applied to Modern Life: Adjustment in the 21st Century|isbn =978-1-111-18663-0|publisher=[[Cengage Learning]]|year=2011|pages=384–386|access-date=January 5, 2012|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CGu96TeAZo0C&pg=PT421 |author1=Wayne Weiten |author2=Dana S. Dunn |author3=Elizabeth Yost Hammer }}</ref> It is also common for people to be as sexually satisfied by being kissed, touched [[eroticism|erotically]], or held as they are during sexual intercourse.<ref name="Alters2">{{cite book| author = Sandra Alters| author2 = Wendy Schiff|title =Essential Concepts for Healthy Living Update|publisher = [[Jones & Bartlett Publishers]] | year = 2011 | page = [https://archive.org/details/essentialconcept00sand_1/page/154 154] | access-date = December 9, 2014 |isbn = 978-1-4496-5374-3| url =https://archive.org/details/essentialconcept00sand_1| url-access = registration}}</ref>

Non-[[primate]] females copulate only when in [[estrus]],<ref name="Pfaus2015"/> but sexual intercourse is possible at any time of the [[menstrual cycle]] for women.<ref name="Reis"/><ref name="Dixson2012">Dixson A.F. (2012) [https://global.oup.com/academic/product/primate-sexuality-9780199676613?cc=fr&lang=en& ''Primate sexuality: Comparative studies of the Prosimians, Monkeys, Apes, and Human Beings.''] Oxford University Press, 2nd edition.</ref> [[Sex pheromones]] facilitate copulatory reflexes in various organisms, but, [[Human sex pheromones|in humans]], the detection of pheromones is impaired and they have only residual effects.<ref name="doty2014">Doty R.L. (2014) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK200980/ {{lang|en|Human Pheromones: Do They Exist?}}] in Mucignat-Caretta C. (Ed). ''Neurobiology of Chemical Communication.'' Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press, (19).</ref> Non-primate females put themselves in the crucial [[lordosis position]] and remain motionless, but these motor copulatory reflexes are no longer functional in women.<ref name="Pfaus2015">Pfaus J.G., Flanagan-Cato L.M., Blaustein J.D. (2015) Female sexual behavior. in Plant T., Zeleznik A. (Eds). Knobil and Neill's Physiology of Reproduction. Academic Press, 4th edition</ref>

[[File:Édouard-Henri Avril (14).jpg|thumb|left|[[Édouard-Henri Avril]] depiction of a [[woman on top position]], a position that is more likely to stimulate the clitoris<ref name="Roberts">{{cite book|title=Sex|publisher=Lotus Press|year=2006|page=145|isbn = 978-81-89093-59-4|access-date=August 17, 2012|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zDS9kC03x2IC&pg=PA145|author=Keath Roberts}}</ref>]]
During coitus, the partners orient their hips to allow the penis to move back and forth in the vagina to cause friction, typically without fully removing the penis. In this way, they stimulate themselves and each other, often continuing until orgasm in either or both partners is achieved.<ref name="Kahn, Fawcett"/><ref name="Starr2">{{cite book|title=Human Biology|isbn =978-0-495-56181-1|publisher=[[Cengage Learning]]|year=2008|page=314|access-date=April 30, 2013|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=09reWGhFDqUC&pg=PA314|author1=Cecie Starr |author2=Beverly McMillan }}</ref>

For human females, stimulation of the [[clitoris]] plays a significant role in sexual activity; 70–80% of women require direct clitoral stimulation to achieve orgasm,<ref name="Flaherty">{{cite book|title=Psychiatry: Diagnosis & therapy. A Lange clinical manual|isbn=978-0-8385-1267-8|publisher=[[Appleton & Lange]] (Original from Northwestern University)|year=1993|pages=[https://archive.org/details/psychiatrydiagno00flah/page/544 544 pages]|url=https://archive.org/details/psychiatrydiagno00flah/page/544|quote=The amount of time of sexual arousal needed to reach orgasm is variable&nbsp;— and usually much longer&nbsp;— in women than in men; thus, only 20–30% of women attain a coital climax. b. Many women (70–80%) require manual clitoral stimulation...|author1=Joseph A. Flaherty|author2=John Marcell Davis|author3=Philip G. Janicak}}</ref><ref name="Kenneth Mah">{{cite journal |vauthors=Mah K, Binik YM | title = The nature of human orgasm: a critical review of major trends | journal = [[Clinical Psychology Review]] | volume = 21 | issue = 6 | pages = 823–856 |date=January 7, 2001 | pmid = 11497209 | doi = 10.1016/S0272-7358(00)00069-6 | quote = Women rated clitoral stimulation as at least somewhat more important than vaginal stimulation in achieving orgasm; only about 20% indicated that they did not require additional clitoral stimulation during intercourse.}}</ref><ref name="Kammerer-Doak">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kammerer-Doak D, Rogers RG | title = Female Sexual Function and Dysfunction | journal = Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America | volume = 35 | issue = 2 | pages = 169–183 |date=June 2008 | pmid = 18486835 | doi = 10.1016/j.ogc.2008.03.006 | quote = Most women report the inability to achieve orgasm with vaginal intercourse and require direct clitoral stimulation ... About 20% have coital climaxes...}}</ref> though indirect clitoral stimulation (for example, via vaginal intercourse) may also be sufficient (see [[Vaginal orgasm|orgasm in females]]).<ref name="Lloyd">{{cite book |first=Elisabeth Anne|last=Lloyd|title=The case of the female orgasm: bias in the science of evolution|isbn = 978-0-674-01706-1|publisher=Harvard University Press|year=2005|page=53|access-date=January 5, 2012 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6GFNvA6TvlwC&pg=PA53|oclc=432675780}}</ref><ref name="O'Connell">{{cite journal |vauthors=O'Connell HE, Sanjeevan KV, Hutson JM | s2cid = 26109805 | title = Anatomy of the clitoris | journal = The Journal of Urology | volume = 174 | issue = 4 Pt 1 | pages = 1189–95 | date = October 2005 | pmid = 16145367 | doi = 10.1097/01.ju.0000173639.38898.cd }}<br />{{cite web |last=Mascall |first=Sharon |title=Time for rethink on the clitoris | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/5013866.stm | date =June 11, 2006 | work = [[BBC News]] }}</ref> Because of this, some couples may engage in the [[woman on top position]] or the [[coital alignment technique]], a technique combining the "riding high" variation of the missionary position with pressure-counterpressure movements performed by each partner in rhythm with sexual penetration, to maximize clitoral stimulation.<ref name="Roberts"/><ref name="Hurlbert">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hurlbert DF, Apt C | title = The coital alignment technique and directed masturbation: a comparative study on female orgasm | journal = [[Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy]] | volume = 21 | issue = 1 | pages = 21–29 | year = 1995 | pmid = 7608994 | doi = 10.1080/00926239508405968 }}</ref>
[[File:Édouard-Henri Avril (24).jpg|thumb|right|[[Édouard-Henri Avril]] depiction of [[cunnilingus]] in the life of [[Sappho]]]]
Anal sex involves stimulation of the [[Human anus|anus]], anal cavity, sphincter valve or [[rectum]]; it most commonly means the insertion of a man's penis into another person's rectum, but may also mean the use of sex toys or fingers to penetrate the anus, or oral sex on the anus ([[anilingus]]), or [[Pegging (sexual practice)|pegging]].<ref name="Answer">{{cite book|author1-link=Barry Komisaruk|author1=Barry R. Komisaruk|author2=Beverly Whipple|author2-link=Beverly Whipple|author3=Sara Nasserzadeh|author3-link=Sara Nasserzadeh|author4 =Carlos Beyer-Flores|title=The Orgasm Answer Guide|isbn = 978-0-8018-9396-4|publisher=[[JHU Press]]|year=2009|pages=[https://archive.org/details/orgasmanswerguid00komi/page/108 108]–109|access-date=November 6, 2011|url=https://archive.org/details/orgasmanswerguid00komi|url-access =registration}}</ref>

Oral sex consists of all the sexual activities that involve the use of the mouth and throat to stimulate [[genitalia]] or anus. It is sometimes performed to the exclusion of all other forms of sexual activity, and may include the ingestion or absorption of semen (during [[fellatio]]) or vaginal fluids (during [[cunnilingus]]).<ref name="Weiten, 2008"/><ref name="Kamen">{{Cite book| author = Paula Kamen| title = Her Way: Young Women Remake the Sexual Revolution | isbn = 978-0-8147-4733-9| publisher = [[New York University Press]]| year = 2000|pages = 74–77| access-date=September 5, 2012|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9bXq3Qc4py0C&pg=PA74}}</ref>

Fingering involves the digital manipulation of the clitoris, rest of the [[vulva]], vagina or anus for the purpose of sexual arousal and sexual stimulation; it may constitute the entire sexual encounter or it may be part of mutual masturbation, foreplay or other sexual activities.<ref name="Kinetics"/><ref name="Hite">{{cite book|last=Hite|first=Shere|author-link=Shere Hite|title=The Hite Report: A Nationwide Study of Female Sexuality |publisher=[[Seven Stories Press]]|year=2003|location=New York, NY|pages=512 pages|isbn=978-1-58322-569-1|access-date=March 2, 2012|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=s3OZaVn2wfkC&pg=PP1}}</ref><ref name="Carroll2">{{cite book | title =Sexuality Now: Embracing Diversity | publisher = [[Cengage Learning]] | year = 2009 | pages = 118, 252, and 264 | access-date =June 23, 2012 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=5f8mQx7ULs4C&pg=PA118|isbn =978-0-495-60274-3| first = Janell L. | last = Carroll}}
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