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Shepseskaf
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===Queens and children=== [[File:Khentkaus I 2.jpg|thumb|upright|alt=wornout relief of a seated woman|Portrait of [[Khentkaus I]] from her tomb]] Inscriptions in queen [[Bunefer]]'s [[Giza]] tomb{{efn|group=note|Buried in Giza tomb G8408, she bore the title of {{transliteration|egy|njswt sA.t n Xt f}}, meaning "royal daughter of his body" but her father's identity remains in doubt.{{sfn|Hassan|Habashi|1941|pp=176–199}}}}{{sfn|Hassan|Habashi|1941|pp=176–199}} demonstrate that she is related to Shepseskaf: she notably bore the title of "Great of praise, priestess of King Shepseskaf, the king's wife, the great ornament, the great favourite". Lana Troy, an Egyptologist, deduces from this title that while she married a pharaoh, she served as a priestess in the funerary cult for her father{{efn|group=note|She may have participated in his burial ceremonies.{{sfn|Hassan|Habashi|1941|pp=176–199}}}} and therefore must have been Shepseskaf's daughter and the consort of another unspecified king.{{sfn|Troy|1986|p=154}} Indeed, all priestesses serving in a king's funerary cult were princesses, daughters or granddaughters of that king. If this hypothesis is true, it makes Bunefer the only queen known from Ancient Egypt to have served in a mortuary cult.{{sfn|Callender|1994|pp=85–86}} Exceptional circumstances could explain this observation, for example if there was no other suitable female descendant to officiate in Shepseskaf's cult after his death.{{sfn|Callender|1994|p=86}} Bunefer's mother could have been Khentkaus{{nbs}}I whose tomb is located near Bunefer's so that Khentkaus{{nbs}}I might have been a consort of Shepseskaf.{{sfn|Callender|1994|p=86}} Bunefer's royal husband may have been pharaoh [[Thamphthis]], whose existence is uncertain however as he is not attested archaeologically (see below for a discussion).{{sfn|Callender|1994|p=86}} Hassan, who excavated Bunefer's tomb, rejects the opinion that Bunefer was Shepseskaf's daughter. He notes that most of Bunefer's titles are wifely ones and stresses "the fact that the name of Shepseskaf appears in her tomb is in favour of the assumption that he was her husband".{{sfn|Hassan|Habashi|1941|p=181}} In any case Bunefer had at least one son, whose name is lost, and whose father was not a king according to this son's titles.{{sfn|Hassan|Habashi|1941|pp=176, 196|loc=figs. 147, 149, 150, 152, 156, 159, pls. 54–56, 58}} He was possibly an issue from a second, non-royal, marriage of Bunefer.{{sfn|Callender|1994|p=87}}{{sfn|Hassan|Habashi|1941|loc=pl. LVI}} Princess Khamaat married to the high priest of Ptah, [[Ptahshepses (high priest)|Ptahshepses]], and is known by her titles to have been the daughter of a king. She was long thought to be a daughter of Shepseskaf{{sfn|Dorman|2002|p=107}} following a hypothesis by 19th-century Egyptologist [[Emmanuel de Rougé]].{{sfn|de Rougé|1865|p=67}} A consensus was reached on this issue,{{sfn|Callender|1994|p=86}}{{sfn|Grimal|1992|p=75}}{{sfn|Smith|1971|p=184}}{{sfn|Vercoutter|1992|p=295}}{{sfn|Troy|1986|p=154|loc=#4.20}}{{sfn|von Beckerath|1984|p=584}}{{sfn|Wildung|1977|p=1257}} but in 2002 Egyptologist [[Peter F. Dorman]] published inscriptions from Ptahshepses's tomb showing that she was Userkaf's daughter instead.{{sfn|Dorman|2002|pp=95 & 101}} Finally, [[Mark Lehner]] proposes that Shepseskaf fathered pharaoh Userkaf with queen Khentkaus{{nbs}}I, an idea shared by Kozloff{{sfn|Lehner|2008|p=140}}{{sfn|Kozloff|1982|p=216}} but rejected by Bárta who thinks they were brothers.{{sfn|Bárta|2017|p=5}} Alternatively, Khentkaus{{nbs}}I has been conjectured to be Shepseskaf's daughter.{{sfn|Stadelmann|2001|p=597}}
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