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Shtetl
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===Modern usage=== In the later part of the 20th century, [[Hasidic Judaism|Hasidic Jews]] founded new communities in the United States, such as [[Kiryas Joel, New York|Kiryas Joel]] and [[New Square, New York|New Square]], and they sometimes use the term "{{lang|yi-Latn|shtetl}}" to refer to these enclaves in Yiddish, particularly those with village structures.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://cjs.cas2.lehigh.edu/content/kiryas-joel-hasidic-shtetl-suburban-new-york|title=Kiryas Joel: A Hasidic Shtetl in Suburban New York - Berman Center}}</ref> In Europe, the Orthodox community in [[Antwerp]], [[Belgium]], is widely described as the last {{lang|yi-Latn|shtetl}}, composed of about 12,000 people.<ref>{{cite book |first=Andre |last=de Vries |title=Flanders – A Cultural History |publisher= Oxford University Press |date=2007 |page=199 |isbn=9780195314939 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=62ISDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA199}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Diverse and Divided: Who Are the Jews of Belgium? |url= https://www.haaretz.com/jewish/who-are-the-jews-of-belgium-1.5424088 |publisher=[[Haaretz]]| date=30 March 2016 |access-date=9 March 2022}}</ref> The [[Gateshead]], [[United Kingdom]] Orthodox community is also sometimes called a ''shtetl''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Doe |first=John |date=2011-05-04 |title=Gateshead's Twenty-First Century Shtetl - Mishpacha Magazine |url=https://mishpacha.com/gatesheads-21st-century-shtetl/ |access-date=2024-09-17 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Visit to Gateshead [near Newcastle] a yeshiva town called "the last shtetl in Europe": relics and ephemera include short photocopy of writings by the famous Gateshead figure Rebbitzen Zipa Lopian ["Auntie Zipa"] and a note by me about her; short letter from me to Rav Mattisyahu Salomon, the mashgiach [spiritual director] of Gateshead Yeshiva, after my meeting with him; an account of the trip, with photograph, written for Rabbi Joseph Freilich's yeshiva magazine [see also "Gallery of photographs" in this series for views of this trip], 1984 January 18-22 {{!}} Archives at Yale |url=https://archives.yale.edu/repositories/12/archival_objects/1501624 |access-date=2024-09-17 |website=archives.yale.edu}}</ref> [[Brno]], [[Czech Republic]], has a significant Jewish history and Yiddish words are part of the now dying-out [[Hantec slang]]. The word "{{lang|cs|štetl}}" (pronounced {{lang|yi-Latn|shtetl}}) refers to Brno itself. [[Qırmızı Qəsəbə]], in [[Azerbaijan]], thought to be the only 100% Jewish community not in Israel or the United States, has been described as a {{lang|yi-Latn|shtetl}}.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://www.timesofisrael.com/jewish-shtetl-in-azerbaijan-survives-amid-muslim-majority/|title = Jewish shtetl in Azerbaijan survives amid Muslim majority|website = [[The Times of Israel]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url= https://newlinesmag.com/essays/how-the-mountain-jews-of-azerbaijan-endure/ |title=How the Mountain Jews of Azerbaijan Endure |work=New Line Magazine |date=25 October 2022 |access-date=26 October 2022 |last=Pheiffer |first=Evan}}</ref>
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