Editing Slurry wall (section)

==Design==
The design of a slurry wall (diaphragm wall) includes the design of wall thickness and reinforcements. Thickness of a slurry wall in preliminary design is generally set to about 4-8% of the excavation depth. Slurry wall design is undertaken based on [[bending moment]]  and [[Shearing (physics)|shear]] envelope obtained from the [[stress analysis]]. In the design of such underground walls, width of the unit is considered as one meter, and the wall is analyzed under [[plane strain]] condition. Since the length-to-width ratio of excavations is generally large, plane strain conditions can be assumed.<ref name="Bahrami">{{cite journal |last1=Bahrami |first1=M. |last2=Khodakarami |first2=M.I.  |last3=Haddad |first3=A.|title=Seismic behavior and design of strutted diaphragm walls in sand|journal=Computers and Geotechnics |date=April 2019 |volume=108 |pages=75–87 | doi= 10.1016/j.compgeo.2018.12.019}}</ref>

In a single-phase diaphragm wall, also known as a "cut-off wall", a binder (usually cement) is added to the supporting fluid so that the supporting fluid hardens without exchange.<ref>{{Citation |title=(Ab)Dicht(ungs)(schlitz)wand f |date=2013 |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33335-4_10282 |work=Wörterbuch GeoTechnik/Dictionary Geotechnical Engineering |pages=7–7 |place=Berlin, Heidelberg |publisher=Springer Berlin Heidelberg |access-date=2022-03-28}}</ref> One application for this type of construction is a [[landfill]] seal that is to be retrofitted later.