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Spanish-based creole languages
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===Chavacano=== '''[[Chavacano]]''' (also Chabacano) is a group of Spanish-based creole language varieties spoken in the [[Philippines]] that emerged during the 18th century following the colonization of the Spaniards in the Philippines. While Chavacano refers to a large number of varieties, there are three main varieties: Ternate, Manila/Cavite, and Zamboanga.Ternate and Manila/Cavite are Northern dialects from Manila Bay on Luzon Island, while Zamboanga is a Southern dialect from Mindanao Island; both of these dialects are genetically related. The variety found in Zamboanga City has the largest number of speakers and is considered to be the most stable while the other varieties are considered to be either endangered or extinct (i.e. Ermitaño). Creole varieties are spoken in Cavite City and Ternate (both on Luzon); Zamboanga, Cotabato and Davao (on Mindanao), [[Isabela, Basilan|Isabela City]] and other parts of province of Basilan and elsewhere. According to a 2007 [[census]], there are 2,502,185 speakers in the Philippines. It is the major language of [[Zamboanga City]].{{Citation needed|date=November 2021}} While the different varieties of Chavacano are mostly intelligible to one another, they differ slightly in certain aspects such as in the usage of certain words and certain grammatical syntax. Most of the vocabulary comes from [[Spanish language|Spanish]], while the [[grammar]] is mostly based on the Austronesian structure. In Zamboanga, its variant is used in [[primary education]], [[television]], and [[radio]]. Recently English and Filipino words have been infiltrating the language and [[code-switching]] between these three languages is common among younger speakers. The name of the language stems from the Spanish word ''Chabacano'' which roughly means "tasteless", "common", or "vulgar", this Spanish word, however, has lost its original meaning and carries no negative connotation among contemporary speakers.{{Citation needed|date=March 2022}} For more information see the article on [[Chavacano]], or the [[Ethnologue|Ethnologue Report]] on Chavacano.
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