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Subterranean London
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==Defence== Many [[Military citadels under London|underground military citadels]] were built under London. Few are acknowledged, and even fewer are open to the public. One exception is the famous [[Military citadels under London#Cabinet War Rooms|Cabinet War Rooms]], used by [[Winston Churchill]] during the [[Second World War]]. During the war, parts of the Underground were converted into [[air-raid shelter]]s known as [[London deep-level shelters|deep-level shelters]]. Some were converted for military and civil defence use, such as the now-disused [[Kingsway telephone exchange]]. Other [[civil defence centres in London]] are wholly or partly underground, mostly remnants from the [[Cold War]]. Many other subterranean facilities exist around the centre of government in [[Whitehall]], often linked by tunnels.<ref>{{Cite book | last =Laurie | first = Peter | title =Beneath the City Streets | publisher = Panther | date = 1979 | pages =183β211 | isbn =978-0-586-05055-2 }}</ref> In December 1980, the ''[[New Statesman]]'' revealed the existence of secret tunnels linking government buildings, which they claimed would be used in the event of a national emergency. It is believed these tunnels also link to [[Buckingham Palace]].<ref>{{cite news|author=Campbell, Duncan |title=A Christmas Party for the Moles|work=New Statesman|pages= 19β26 |date=December 1980}}</ref> Author [[Duncan Campbell (journalist, born 1952)|Duncan Campbell]] discussed these facilities in more detail, in the book ''War Plan UK: The Truth about Civil Defence in Britain'' (1982).<ref>{{cite book|author= Campbell, D. |date=1982|title=War Plan UK: The Truth about Civil Defence in Britain|edition=1st |publisher= Burnett Books|isbn= 0-09-150670-0 }}</ref> Peter Laurie wrote a book about these facilities, titled ''[[Beneath the City Streets]]: A Private Inquiry into the Nuclear Preoccupations of Government'' (1970).<ref>{{cite book|author=Laurie, Peter|title=Beneath the City Streets: A Private Inquiry into the Nuclear Preoccupations of Government | location = United Kingdom | language = en | publisher = Allen Lane | date = 1970 }}</ref>
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