Editing Swinging Sixties (section)

== Fashion and symbols ==
{{see also|peacock revolution}}
During the Swinging Sixties, fashion and photography were featured in ''[[Queen (magazine)|Queen]]'' magazine, which drew attention to fashion designer [[Mary Quant]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Barry Miles|date= 2009|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=r8xbaIlrUREC&pg=PA203 |title=The British Invasion: The Music, the Times, the Era|page=203|publisher= Sterling|isbn= 978-1-4027-6976-4}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Ros Horton, Sally Simmons|date= 2007|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7LYLOj2APSsC&pg=PA170|page=170|title= Women Who Changed the World|publisher= Quercus|isbn= 978-1-84724-026-2}}</ref> Mod-related fashions such as the [[miniskirt]] stimulated fashionable London [[shopping]] areas such as [[Carnaby Street]] and [[King's Road]], [[Chelsea, London|Chelsea]].<ref name=lisa>{{cite news|last=Armstrong|first=Lisa|title=Mary Quant: 'You have to work at staying slim—but it's worth it'|url=http://fashion.telegraph.co.uk/news-features/TMG9087300/Mary-Quant-You-have-to-work-at-staying-slim-but-its-worth-it.html|access-date=17 October 2012|newspaper=The Telegraph|date=17 February 2012}}</ref><ref name=berg>{{cite book|first=Amy|last=DelaHaye|editor1-last=Steele|editor1-first=Valerie|title=The Berg Companion to Fashion|year=2010|publisher=Berg|location=Oxford|isbn=978-1-84788-563-0|pages=586–588|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0_3qzO6NTqcC&pg=PA586}}</ref> [[Vidal Sassoon]] created the [[bob cut]] hairstyle.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/expat/expatnews/9255724/Vidal-Sassoon.html |title=Telegraph obituary |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=10 May 2012 | access-date=16 August 2022}}</ref>

[[File:England-1968 09.jpg|thumb|Carnaby Street, {{circa|1968|lk=no}}]]

The model [[Jean Shrimpton]] was another icon and one of the world's first supermodels.<ref>{{cite web|title=Small is still beautiful|url=https://www.questia.com/read/1G1-116426956|work=Daily Post|date=10 May 2004|author=Burgess, Anya}}</ref> She was the world's highest paid<ref name="paid">{{cite journal|title=The Girl Behind The World's Most Beautiful Face|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=6wssAAAAIBAJ&pg=3967,1120155&dq|journal=Family Weekly|date=8 February 1967}}</ref> and most photographed model<ref>{{cite journal|title=Most Photographed Model Reticent About Her Role|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=REsqAAAAIBAJ&pg=7034,4428159&dq|date=11 June 1967|author=Cloud, Barbara|journal=The Pittsburgh Press}}</ref> during this time. Shrimpton was called "The Face of the '60s",<ref>{{cite web|title=Jean Shrimpton, the Famed Face of the '60s, Sits Before Her Svengali's Camera One More Time|url=http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20067955,00.html|date=30 May 1977|volume=07|number=21}}</ref> in which she has been considered by many as "the symbol of Swinging London"<ref name=paid /> and the "embodiment of the 1960s".<ref>{{cite web|title=New Model Army|author=Patrick, Kate|date=21 May 2005|work=Scotsman.com News|url=http://news.scotsman.com/ViewArticle.aspx?articleid=2628354}}</ref>

Like [[Pattie Boyd]], the wife of Beatles guitarist [[George Harrison]], Shrimpton gained international fame for her embodiment of the "British female 'look' – mini-skirt, long, straight hair and wide-eyed loveliness", characteristics that defined Western fashion following the arrival of the Beatles and other British Invasion acts in 1964.<ref name="Hibbert/HistoryOfRock">{{cite magazine|first=Tom|last=Hibbert|title=Britain invades the world: Mid-Sixties British Music|magazine=[[The History of Rock (magazine)|The History of Rock]]|year=1982}} Available at [http://www.rocksbackpages.com/Library/Article/britain-invades-the-world-mid-sixties-british-music Rock's Backpages] (subscription required).</ref> Other popular models of the era included [[Veruschka]], [[Peggy Moffitt]] and [[Penelope Tree]]. The model [[Twiggy]] has been called "the face of 1966" and "the Queen of [[Mod (subculture)|Mod]]", a label she shared with, among others, [[Cathy McGowan (presenter)|Cathy McGowan]], the host of the television rock show ''[[Ready Steady Go!]]'' from 1964 to 1966.<ref>Fowler, David (2008) ''Youth Culture in Modern Britain, C.1920–c.1970: From Ivory Tower to Global Movement – A New History'' p. 134. Palgrave Macmillan, 2008</ref>

The British flag, the [[Union Jack]], became a symbol, assisted by events such as England's home victory in the [[1966 FIFA World Cup|1966 World Cup]].  The [[Jaguar E-Type]] sports car was a British icon of the 1960s.<ref name="Storey" />

In late 1965, photographer [[David Bailey]] sought to define Swinging London in a series of large photographic prints.<ref name="Brown&Gaines" /> Compiled into a set titled ''Box of Pin-Ups'', they were published on 21 November that year.{{sfn|Bray|2014|p=xii}} His subjects included actors [[Michael Caine]] and [[Terence Stamp]]; musicians [[John Lennon]], [[Paul McCartney]], [[Mick Jagger]] and five other pop stars; [[Brian Epstein]], as one of four individuals representing music management; hairdresser [[Vidal Sassoon]], ballet dancer [[Rudolf Nureyev]], [[Ad Lib Club|Ad Lib]] club manager Brian Morris, and the [[Kray twins]]; as well as leading figures in interior decoration, [[pop art]], photography, fashion modelling, photographic design and creative advertising.<ref name="Brown&Gaines">{{cite book|last1=Brown|first1=Peter|last2=Gaines|first2=Steven|title=The Love You Make: An Insider's Story of the Beatles|publisher=New American Library|location=New York, NY|year=2002|orig-year=1983|isbn=978-0-451-20735-7|page=120}}</ref>

Bailey's photographs reflected the rise of working-class artists, entertainers and entrepreneurs that characterised London during this period. Writing in his 1967 book ''The Young Meteors'', journalist [[Jonathan Aitken]] described ''Box of Pin-Ups'' as "a [[Debrett's|Debrett]] of the new aristocracy".{{sfn|Bray|2014|pp=252–53}}