Editing Tibia (section)

====Condyles of tibia====
[[File:Gray257.png|thumb|Upper surface of right tibia. (Anterior is at top.)|alt=|left]]
[[File:Knee diagram.svg|thumb|Knee]]
The proximal or upper extremity of the tibia is expanded in the transverse plane with a [[Medial condyle of tibia|medial]] and [[Lateral condyle of tibia|lateral condyle]], which are both flattened in the horizontal plane. The medial condyle is the larger of the two and is better supported over the [[Body of tibia|shaft]]. The upper surfaces of the condyles [[Articulations (anatomy)|articulate]] with the femur to form the tibiofemoral joint, the weightbearing part of the knee joint.<ref name=GrayStudent>{{cite book |last1=Drake |first1=Richard L.  |last2=Vogl |first2=A. Wayne |last3=Mitchell|first3=Adam W. M.| year=2010 |title=Gray´s Anatomy for Students |edition=2nd | isbn =978-0-443-06952-9|pages=558–560 |publisher=Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier }}{{page needed|date=May 2015}}</ref>

The medial and lateral condyle are separated by the [[intercondylar area]], where the [[cruciate ligament]]s and the [[Meniscus (liquid)|menisci]] attach. Here the [[medial intercondylar tubercle|medial]] and [[lateral intercondylar tubercle]] forms the [[intercondylar eminence]]. Together with the medial and lateral condyle the intercondylar region forms the [[tibial plateau]], which both articulates with and is anchored to the [[Lower extremity of femur|lower extremity of the femur]]. The intercondylar eminence divides the intercondylar area into an [[anterior intercondylar area|anterior]] and [[posterior intercondylar area|posterior part]]. The anterolateral region of the anterior intercondylar area are perforated by numerous small openings for [[nutrient artery|nutrient arteries]].<ref name=GrayStudent/>

The articular surfaces of both condyles are concave, particularly centrally. The flatter outer margins are in contact with the menisci. The medial condyles superior surface is oval in form and extends laterally onto the side of [[medial intercondylar tubercle]]. The lateral condyles superior surface is more circular in form and its medial edge extends onto the side of the [[lateral intercondylar tubercle]]. The posterior surface of the medial condyle bears a horizontal groove for part of the attachment of the [[semimembranosus muscle]], whereas the lateral condyle has a circular facet for articulation with the [[Fibula#Head|head of the fibula]].<ref name="GrayStudent" />

Beneath the condyles is the [[tibial tuberosity]] which serves for attachment of the [[patellar ligament]], a continuation of the [[quadriceps femoris muscle]].<ref name="GrayStudent" />