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Torrey pine
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==Distribution== The extant population of ''Pinus torreyana'' is restricted to trees growing in a narrow strip along the [[Southern California]] coast in [[San Diego]].<ref name="Moore2008">{{cite book |author1=Moore, Gerry |author2=Kershner, Bruce |author3=Craig Tufts |author4=Daniel Mathews |author5=Gil Nelson |author6=Spellenberg, Richard |author7=Thieret, John W. |author8=Terry Purinton |author9=Block, Andrew |title=National Wildlife Federation Field Guide to Trees of North America |publisher=Sterling |location=New York |year=2008 |page=84 |isbn=978-1-4027-3875-3}}</ref> There is also a population of the variety '''''Pinus torreyana'' var. ''insularis''''' in two groves on [[Santa Rosa Island, California|Santa Rosa Island]], a California [[Channel Islands (California)|Channel Island]] off the coast of [[Santa Barbara, California|Santa Barbara]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_cpn.pl?52310 |title=Pinus torreyana Parry ex Carrière subsp. insularis J. R. Haller |work=Ucjeps.berkeley.edu |date= |accessdate=August 9, 2013}}</ref><!-- P. torreyana var. insularis . accessed September 9, 2010 --><ref>{{Gymnosperm Database |genus=Pinus |species=torreyana |access-date=May 4, 2014}}</ref> The presence of Torrey pines along the semi-arid coast of San Diego and Santa Rosa Island (rainfall less than 15 inches per year) is probably a [[relict population]] of a much more extensive Ice Age distribution. Coastal fog during spring and summer along the San Diego and Santa Rosa Island coast provides just enough moisture to supplement the fairly low winter rainfall, allowing for survival of the species in the wild habitat zone.<ref>{{Cite journal | doi=10.1007/s00442-008-1025-y|title = The influence of summertime fog and overcast clouds on the growth of a coastal Californian pine: A tree-ring study| journal=Oecologia| volume=156| issue=3| pages=601–611|year = 2008|last1 = Williams|first1 = A. Park| last2=Still| first2=Christopher J.| last3=Fischer| first3=Douglas T.| last4=Leavitt| first4=Steven W.|pmid = 18368424|bibcode = 2008Oecol.156..601W|s2cid = 11172462| url=https://escholarship.org/uc/item/95c2k1zz }}</ref>
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