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Totonac
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===Food culture=== Totonacs in the twentieth century led the peoples growing the highest quality [[vanilla]], and most Mexican vanilla was produced by Totonacs. This widespread vanilla growth vastly shaped their society at the time. Seeking to profit from this vanilla boom, Totonac entrepreneurs pushed for privatization of formally communal lands due to the lands becoming more valuable. This resulted in massive social upheaval due to the longstanding traditions being threatened, and by the start of the 20th century, the old communal lands of the Totonacs had been mostly broken up and privatized.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Kourí |first1=Emilio |title=A Pueblo Divided: Business, Property, and Community in Papantla Mexico |date=2004 |publisher=Stanford University Press |isbn=9780804758482 |pages=1-3}}</ref> Their association with agriculture of vanilla pre-dates the arrival of Columbus in the New World. While vanilla was long significant to Totonac culture, its importance as an export good did not emerge until the early-eighteenth century, when they traded with other Totonacs and with people in northern [[Oaxaca]]. The first regulation of the harvesting of Mexican vanilla appears in 1743, when the mayor of Papantla attempted to use a law for personal profit on the vanilla harvest. A second law regulating was promulgated in 1767, after Totonac vanilla growers in Colipa complained about thieves stealing immature vanilla pods. During Humboldt's travels in Mexico, most European imports of vanilla conveyed through the port of [[Veracruz]], and Totonacs in the Misantla region harvested about 700,000 vanilla beans per year.<ref>{{cite journal | url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2507753 | access-date=February 19, 2024 | first=Henry | last=Bruman | title=The Culture History of Mexican Vanilla | journal=The Hispanic American Historical Review | volume=28 | issue=3 | year=1948 | pages=360{{endash}}376}}</ref> There is a total absence of [[Comal (cookware)|comals]], [[metate]]s and [[mano (stone)|manos]] meaning the Totonacs did not eat [[tortilla]]s; however, even though corn was grown it did not form a large part of their diet. The Totonacs ate fruit, most notably [[Sapote|zapotes]], guavas, papayas, [[Plantain (cooking)|plantain]]s and avocados. Men hunted and fished shark, turtle, deer, armadillo, opossums, and frogs. Women raised turkeys and dogs. Peasants as well as nobles ate corn porridge in the morning. Lunch was the main meal of the day and consisted of manioc, bean stew or even a rich meat sauce for the nobles. Fish and seafood as well as game was eaten by both nobles and farmers. The agave provided liquor.
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