Editing Transformative justice (section)

== Applications of transformative justice ==

=== In post-colonial and post-conflict settings ===
Transformative justice also refers to policy and practice responses to socioeconomic issues in societies transitioning away from conflict or repression. It is closely associated with the scholarship and practice of [[transitional justice]], and refers to "transformative change that emphasises local agency and resources, the prioritisation of process rather than preconceived outcomes, and the challenging of unequal and intersecting power relationships and structures of exclusion at both local and global levels".<ref>Gready, Paul, and Simon Robins, eds. ''From Transitional Justice to Transformative Justice''. Cambridge University Press, 2019. doi:10.1017/9781316676028</ref>

=== Climate justice ===
{{Main|climate justice}}
Some [[climate justice]] approaches promote transformative justice where advocates focus on how vulnerability to climate change reflects various structural injustices in society, such as the exclusion of marginalized groups from decision-making and from climate resilient livelihoods, and that [[climate change adaptation|climate action]] must explicitly address these structural power imbalances. For these advocates, climate change provides an opportunity to reinforce democratic governance at all scales, and drive the achievement of gender equality and social inclusion. At a minimum, priority is placed on ensuring that responses to climate change do not repeat or reinforce existing injustices, which has both distributive justice and procedural justice dimensions. Other conceptions frame climate justice in terms of the need to curb climate change within certain limits, like the [[Paris Agreement|Paris Climate Agreement]] targets of 1.5C, otherwise the impacts of climate change on natural ecosystems will be so severe as to preclude the possibility of justice for many populations.<ref>Cameron, Edward, Tara Shina, and Wendi Bevins. ''Climate Justice: Equity and Justice Informing a New Climate Agreement''. PDF. World Resources Institute and Mary Robinson Foundation, 2013.</ref>

=== Sexual Violence and Harm ===
Transformative justice aims to recognize and sit with the needs and desires of victim-survivors of [[sexual violence]] in seeking justice. Acknowledging the interconnectedness of individual and social justice, advocates of transformative justice hold that experiences of [[intimate partner violence]] and sexual violence are linked to the broader ways that factors such as race, class, gender, sexuality, ability, migrant and legal status, and beyond manifest as hierarchies of power and oppression. <ref name=":4" /> Recognizing that the state and formal criminal justice system often uphold these hierarchies, transformative justice responses to sexual violence often seek resolutions within community or civil society-based groups. <ref name=":5" />

As stated by the generation FIVE coalition, a response to sexual violence as grounded in transformative justice must promote:

1.     Survivor safety, healing and agency

2.     Offender accountability and transformation

3.     Community response and accountability

4.     Transformation of the community and social conditions that create and perpetuate sexual violence, i.e. systems of oppression, exploitation, domination, and State violence.<ref name=":4" />

While transformative justice seeks to compassionately put the experiences of those harmed by sexual violence in conversation with the way that communities are both sites ''and'' sources of similar violence, feminist critiques of restorative justice also extend to transformative justice. Noting in particular how some victim-survivors may desire a retributive and carceral “solution”, Annalise Acorn provides important complexity to alternative modes of justice that calls on transformative justice practitioners to be attentive to the intimate and profound harm of sexual violence. <ref>Acorn, Annalise. ''Compulsory Compassion: A Critique of Restorative Justice''. Vancouver: University of British Colombia Press, 2004.</ref>