Editing Tsade (section)

==Hebrew tsadi==
{|class=wikitable style="text-align:center;"
!colspan=6|<small>[[Orthography|Orthographic]] variants</small>
|-
!rowspan=2|<small>position<br/>in<br/>word</small>
!colspan=3|<small>Various print fonts</small>
!rowspan=2|<small>[[Cursive Hebrew|Modern Cursive<br/>Hebrew]]</small>
!rowspan=2|<small>[[Rashi script|Rashi<br/>script]]</small>
|-
!|<small>Serif</small> !! <small>[[Sans-serif]]</small> !! <small>[[Monospaced]]</small>
|-
|width=15%|<small>non-final</small>
|width=17%|<span style="font:30pt 'Times New Roman', 'SBL Hebrew', David, Narkisim, 'New Peninim MT', 'Taamey Frank CLM', serif;">צ</span>
|width=17%|<span style="font:28pt Arial, 'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Noto Sans Hebrew', Alef, sans-serif;">צ</span>
|width=17%|<span style="font:30pt 'Courier New', 'Miriam Fixed', 'Miriam Mono CLM', FreeMono, monospace;">צ</span>
|width=17%|[[File:Hebrew letter Tsadik handwriting.svg|class=skin-invert-image|25px]]
|width=17%|[[File:Tsadik-nonfinal (Rashi-script - Hebrew letter).svg|class=skin-invert-image|40px]]
|-
|width=15%|<small>final</small>
|width=17%|<span style="font:30pt 'Times New Roman', 'SBL Hebrew', David, Narkisim, 'New Peninim MT', 'Taamey Frank CLM', serif;">ץ</span>
|width=17%|<span style="font:28pt Arial, 'DejaVu Sans Condensed', 'DejaVu Sans', Tahoma, 'Noto Sans Hebrew', Alef, sans-serif;">ץ</span>
|width=17%|<span style="font:30pt 'Courier New', 'Miriam Fixed', 'Miriam Mono CLM', FreeMono, monospace;">ץ</span>
|width=17%|[[File:Hebrew letter Tsadik-final handwriting.svg|class=skin-invert-image|21px]]
|width=17%|[[File:Tsadik-final (Rashi-script - Hebrew letter).svg|class=skin-invert-image|40px]]
|}

Hebrew spelling: <big>{{lang|he|צָדִי}}</big> or <big>{{lang|he|צָדֵי}}</big>.

===Name===
In [[Hebrew]], the letter's name is ''tsadi'' or ''ṣadi'', depending on whether the letter is transliterated as Modern Israeli "ts" or Tiberian "ṣ". Alternatively, it can be called ''tsadik'' or ''ṣadik'', spelled צָדִּיק, influenced by its Yiddish name ''tsadek'' and the Hebrew word ''tzadik''.

===Variations===
{{Transliteration|he|Ṣadi}}, like [[kaph]], [[mem]], [[Pe (Semitic letter)|pe]], and [[Nun (letter)|nun]], has a final form, used at the end of words. Its shape changes from {{Script/Hebrew|צ}} to {{Script/Hebrew|ץ}}.

===Pronunciation===
In [[Modern Hebrew]], {{lang|he|צ}} tsade represents a [[voiceless alveolar affricate]] {{IPAslink|t͡s}}. This is the same in [[Yiddish]]. Historically, it represented either a [[pharyngealisation|pharyngealized]] {{IPA|/sˤ/}} or an affricate such as the Modern Hebrew pronunciation or [[Geʽez]] {{IPAblink|t͡sʼ}};<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Steiner |first=Richard |date=1982 |title=Affricated Sade in the Semitic Languages |journal=The American Academy for Jewish Research, Research Monograph Series |volume=3}}</ref> which became {{IPAblink|t͡s}} in [[Ashkenazi Hebrew]]. A [[geresh]] can also be placed after tsade ({{Script/Hebrew|צ׳&nbsp;;&nbsp;ץ׳}}), which is pronounced {{IPAblink|t͡ʃ}} (or, in a [[hypercorrection|hypercorrected]] pronunciation, a pharyngealized {{IPAblink|ʃˤ}}), e.g. {{Script/Hebrew|צִ׳יפְּס}} chips.

Ṣade appears as {{IPA|[sˤ]}} in [[Yemenite Hebrew]] and other Jews from the [[Middle East]], and sometimes appears in the Modern Hebrew pronunciation of Yemenite Jews.

[[Sephardi Hebrew]] pronounces {{Script|Hebr|צ}} like a regular [[s]], and this is the sound value it has in [[Judaeo-Spanish]], as in "masa" ([[Matzah|matzo]]) or "sadik" ([[tzadik]]), and rarely appears in this form in the Modern Hebrew pronunciation of Sephardic Jews.

===Significance===
In [[gematria]], {{Transliteration|he|ṣadi}} represents the number 90. Its final form represents 900, but this is rarely used, [[taw]], taw, and [[Qoph|qof]] (400+400+100) being used instead.

As an abbreviation, it stands for ''ṣafon'', north.

{{Transliteration|he|Ṣadi}} is also one of the seven letters that receive special crowns (called [[Tag (Hebrew writing)|''tagin'']]) when written in a [[Sefer Torah]]. See [[Shin (letter)|shin]], [[‘ayin]], {{Transliteration|he|[[Ṭeth|tet]]}}, [[Nun (letter)|nun]], [[zayin]], and [[gimmel]].

=== In relation with Arabic ===
Hebrew {{lang|he|[[צ]]}} {{Transliteration|he|tsadi}} corresponds to the letters {{lang|ar|ظ}} {{Transliteration|ar|DIN|ẓāʾ}}, {{lang|ar|ص}} {{Transliteration|ar|DIN|ṣād}}, and {{lang|ar|ض}} {{Transliteration|ar|DIN|ḍād}} in Arabic
; Examples:
* {{lang|ar|ظ}} {{Transliteration|ar|DIN|ẓāʾ}}: the word for "thirst" in Classical Arabic is {{lang|ar|[[:wikt:ظمأ|ظمأ]]}} {{Transliteration|ar|DIN|ẓamaʾ}} and {{lang|he|[[:wikt:צמא|צמא]]}} {{Transliteration|he|tsama}} in Hebrew.
* {{lang|ar|ص}} {{Transliteration|ar|DIN|ṣād}}: the word for "Egypt" in Classical Arabic is {{lang|ar|[[:wikt:مصر|مصر]]}} {{Transliteration|ar|DIN|miṣr}} and {{lang|he|[[:wikt:מצרים|מצרים]]}} {{Transliteration|he|mitsrayim}} in Hebrew.
* {{lang|ar|ض}} {{Transliteration|ar|DIN|ḍād}}: the word for "egg" in Classical Arabic is {{lang|ar|[[:wikt:بيضة|بيضة]]}} {{Transliteration|ar|DIN|bayḍah}} and {{lang|he|[[:wikt:ביצה|ביצה]]}} {{Transliteration|he|betsah}} in Hebrew.

When representing this sound in transliteration of Arabic into Hebrew, it is written as {{lang|he|[[צ]]}} {{Transliteration|he|tsade}} or {{lang|he|ס׳‎}} samekh with a geresh.