Editing Voting machine (section)

====Balls====
The first major proposal for the use of voting machines came from the [[Chartists]] in the United Kingdom in 1838.<ref>Douglas W. Jones, Early Requirements for Mechanical Voting Systems, [https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=5460390 First International Workshop on Requirements Engineering for E-voting Systems], August 31, 2009, Atlanta. ([http://www.cs.uiowa.edu/~jones/voting/ReVote09history.pdf author's copy] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120805163717/http://homepage.cs.uiowa.edu/~jones/voting/ReVote09history.pdf |date=August 5, 2012 }}).</ref>  Among the radical reforms called for in ''The People's Charter'' were [[universal suffrage]] and voting by [[secret ballot]].  This required major changes in the conduct of elections, and as responsible reformers, the Chartists not only demanded reforms but described how to accomplish them, publishing ''Schedule A'', a description of how to run a polling place, and ''Schedule B'', a description of a voting machine to be used in such a polling place.<ref>[https://archive.org/details/peoplescharterwi00workrich The People's Charter with the Address to the Radical Reformers of Great Britain and Ireland and a Brief Sketch of its Origin] Elt and Fox, London, 1848; obverse of title page.</ref><ref>[http://www.abdn.ac.uk/radicalism/display.php?id=RAD144 The People's Charter] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118193215/https://www.abdn.ac.uk/radicalism/display.php?id=RAD144 |date=November 18, 2018 }} 1839 Edition, in the [http://www.abdn.ac.uk/radicalism/ radicalism collection] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118194042/https://www.abdn.ac.uk/radicalism/ |date=November 18, 2018 }} of the [[University of Aberdeen]].</ref>

The Chartist voting machine, attributed to Benjamin Jolly of 19 York Street in [[Bath, Somerset|Bath]], allowed each voter to cast one vote in a single race.  This matched the requirements of a British parliamentary election.  Each voter was to cast his vote by dropping a brass ball into the appropriate hole in the top of the machine by the candidate's name.  Each voter could only vote once because each voter was given just one brass ball.  The ball advanced a clockwork counter for the corresponding candidate as it passed through the machine, and then fell out the front where it could be given to the next voter.