Editing Water frame (section)

== International success ==
The water frame played a significant role in the development of the [[Industrial Revolution]] – first in England,<ref>Maxine Berg,  ''The age of manufactures, 1700–1820: Industry, innovation and work in Britain'' (Routledge, 2005).</ref> but soon also in continental Europe after German entrepreneur [[Johann Gottfried Brügelmann]] managed to find out details of the technology, which had been kept very secret; disclosure of details was punishable by the death penalty. Brügelmann managed to build working water frames and used them to open the [[Textilfabrik Cromford|first spinning factory on the continent]], built in 1783 in [[Ratingen]] and also named "Cromford", from where the technology spread over the world. The factory building today hosts a museum, which is the world's only place to see a functioning water frame.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Textilfabrik Cromford|url=https://industriemuseum.lvr.de/de/die_museen/ratingen/textilfabrik_cromford/textilfabrik_cromford.html|access-date=2021-04-02|website=LVR-Industriemuseum|language=DE|archive-date=19 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210419064926/https://industriemuseum.lvr.de/de/die_museen/ratingen/textilfabrik_cromford/textilfabrik_cromford.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[Samuel Slater]] brought the water frame to America, circumventing the 1774 English ban on textile workers leaving and memorizing details of its construction; he left for [[New York City|New York]] in 1789.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2011-09-22 |title=Samuel Slater: American hero or British traitor? |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-derbyshire-15002318 |access-date=2022-10-30 |archive-date=30 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221030205636/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-derbyshire-15002318 |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Moses Brown]] and Slater partnered to create the [[Slater Mill Historic Site|Slater Mill]] in [[Pawtucket, Rhode Island|Pawtucket]] in 1793, the first [[Hydropower|water-powered]] machine to make thread in America.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Pawtucket |first1=Mailing Address: 67 Roosevelt Ave |last2=Us |first2=RI 02860 Phone: 401-725-8638 Contact |title=SlaterMill – Blackstone River Valley National Historical Park (U.S. National Park Service) |url=https://www.nps.gov/blrv/learn/historyculture/slatermill.htm |access-date=2022-10-30 |website=www.nps.gov |language=en |archive-date=30 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221030205636/https://www.nps.gov/blrv/learn/historyculture/slatermill.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>