Editing Window (computing) (section)

==Window decoration==
{{Redirect|Window decoration|drapery, shades, shutters, etc.|Window covering|cover or modification of a window|Window treatment}}
[[File:Window (windowing system).svg|thumb|Typical elements of a window. The window decoration is drawn by an OS-level process such as a window manager. The drawing of the content is the task of [[application software]].]]
The '''window decoration''' is a part of a window in  most [[windowing system]]s.

Window decoration typically consists of a '''title bar''', usually along the top of each window and a minimal border around the other three sides.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://markhobley.yi.org/glossary/windowdecorations.html |title=Unknown}}{{dead link|date=October 2023|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> On Microsoft Windows this is called "non-client area".<ref>{{cite web | url=https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/gdi/nonclient-area | title=Nonclient Area - Win32 apps | access-date=2024-06-03 | archive-date=2024-06-03 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603172534/https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/gdi/nonclient-area | url-status=live }}</ref>

In the predominant layout for modern window decorations, the top bar contains the title of that window and buttons which perform windowing-related actions such as:
* Close
* Maximize
* Minimize
* Resize
* Roll-up

The border exists primarily to allow the user to resize the window, but also to create a visual separation between the window's contents and the rest of the [[desktop environment]].

Window decorations are considered important for the design of the [[look and feel]] of an [[operating system]] and some systems allow for customization of the colors, styles and animation effects used.

=== Window border ===
[[File:Window border in the compositing and stacking window managers.png|thumb|[[Stacking window manager]]s draw borders around the windows, while [[compositing window manager]]s draw [[drop shadow]]s around the windows]]
'''Window border''' is a window decoration component provided by some window managers, that appears around the [[active window]]. Some window managers may also display a border around [[background window]]s. Typically window borders enable the window to be resized or moved by dragging the border. Some window managers provide useless borders which are purely for decorative purposes and offer no window motion facility. These window managers do not allow windows to be resized by using a drag action on the border.

=== Title bar ===
[[File:Titlebar.png|thumb|A title bar of [[GNOME Calculator]]]]

The '''title bar''' is a [[graphical control element]] and part of the window decoration provided by some window managers. As a convention, it is located at the top of the window as a horizontal bar. The title bar is typically used to display the name of the application or the name of the open document, and may provide title bar buttons for minimizing, maximizing, closing or rolling up of application windows. These functions are typically placed in the top-right of the screen to allow fast and inaccurate inputs through [[barrier pointing]]. Typically title bars can be used to provide window motion enabling the window to be moved around the screen by [[Point-and-click|grabbing]] the title bar and [[Pointing device gesture|dragging]] it. Some window managers{{which|date=January 2016}} provide title bars which are purely for decorative purposes and offer no window motion facility. These window managers do not allow windows to be moved around the screen by using a drag action on the title bar.

Default title-bar text often incorporates the name of the application and/or of its developer. The name of the [[Hostname|host]] running the application also appears frequently. Various methods ([[Menu (computing)|menu]]-selections, [[escape sequences]], setup parameters, [[Command-line interface|command-line]] options – depending on the computing environment) may exist to give the [[end-user]] some control of title-bar text. Document-oriented applications like a [[text editor]] may display the [[filename]] or [[path (computing)|path]] of the document being edited. Most [[web browser]]s will [[Rendering (computer graphics)|render]] the contents of the [[HTML element]] <code>title</code> in their title bar, sometimes pre- or postfixed by the application name. [[Google Chrome]] and some versions of [[Mozilla Firefox]] place their [[tabbed browsing|tabs]] in the title bar. This makes it unnecessary to use the main window for the tabs, but usually results in the title becoming truncated. An asterisk at its beginning may be used to signify unsaved changes.

The title bar often contains [[Graphical widget|widget]]s for system commands relating to the window, such as a ''maximize'', ''minimize'', ''rollup'' and ''close'' buttons; and may include other content such as an application icon, a [[clock]], etc.

====Title bar buttons<!-- [[Window control]] redirects here -->====
Some window managers provide title bar buttons which provide the facility to minimize, maximize, roll-up or close application windows. Some window managers may display the title bar buttons in the task bar or task panel, rather than in the title bars.

The following buttons may appear in the title bar:
* Close
* Maximize
* Minimize
* Resize
* Roll-up (or [[WindowShade]])

Note that a [[context menu]] may be available from some title bar buttons or by right-clicking.

==== Title bar icon ====
Some window managers display a small icon in the title bar that may vary according to the application on which it appears. The title bar icon may behave like a menu button, or may provide a context menu facility. macOS applications commonly have a proxy [[Icon (computing)|icon]] next to the window title that functions the same as the document's icon in the file manager.

==== Document status icon ====
Some window managers display an icon or symbol to indicate that the contents of the window have not been saved or confirmed in some way: macOS displays a dot in the center of its close button; [[RISC OS]] appends an [[asterisk]] to the title.

==== Tiling window managers ====
Some [[tiling window manager]]s provide title bars which are purely for informative purposes and offer no controls or menus. These window managers do not allow windows to be moved around the screen by using a [[Drag-and-drop|drag]] action on the title bar and may also serve the purpose of a [[status line]] from stacking window managers.

==== In popular operating systems ====

{| style="font-size: 85%; text-align: center;" class="wikitable"
! OS
! Icon
! Send to Back
! Close
! Maximize
! [[Menu bar]]
! Minimize
! Pin (Keep on top)
! Resize
! Roll-up (Window shade)
! Status
! [[Context menu]]
! Notes
|-
! [[Unix-like]] with [[X11]]
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| Many X window managers for Unix-like systems allow customization of the type and placement of buttons shown in the title bar.
|-
! [[macOS]]
| {{yes}}
|
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
|
| {{yes}}
|
| {{yes}}
|
| {{yes}}
|
| Buttons are on the left side of the title bar. Icon is a proxy for the document's filesystem representation.
|-
! [[RISC OS]]
|
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
|
| {{yes}}
|
| {{yes}}
|
| {{yes}}
|
|
|-
! [[Windows]]
| {{yes}}
|
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
| {{yes}}
|
| {{yes}}
|
|
| {{yes}}
| Icon is menu of window actions
|}