Editing Xenophobia (section)

===Ancient Africa===
In [[Ancient Egypt]], foreigners were conceived of through a complex xenophobic discourse. Given ancient Egypt's long history, Egyptians encountered a number of different peoples. Peoples living in present-day [[Greece]], [[Sudan]], and [[Turkey]], for instance, were referred to by various names in [[Egyptian language|Egyptian]]. According to one source, "...all the names have at the end the same hieroglyphic sign– a determinative or [[taxogram]]– indicating the word group. This is the hieroglyph for a hilly country or the desert– indicating 'foreign land' (khaset)...By contrast, Egypt (Kemet/Black land) is written with the determinative for a town. This indicates that Egyptians regarded their part of the world as cultivated, ordered and civilized, while the other countries were not."<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Cornelius |first1=Sakkie |title=Ancient Egypt and the Other |journal=Scriptura: Journal for Biblical, Theological and Contextual Hermeneutics |date=2010 |volume=104± |page=322 |doi=10.7833/104-0-174|hdl=10019.1/103151 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> This indicates an early example of a xenophobic attitude towards other peoples. In addition, ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics indicate xenophobic ideas about a necessity to conquer non-Egyptians, with [[Hittites]] in particular being referred to as "vile".<ref>{{cite book |last1=Müller-Wollermann |first1=R |last2=Zimmerman |first2=M |title=Symbolische Gewalt im Alten Ägypten. In Extreme Formen von Gewalt in Bild und Text des Altertums |date=2009 |publisher=München: Herbert Utz |pages=47–64}}</ref>