Editing Yellow Peril (section)

===United States===
In 1854, as editor of the ''New-York Tribune'', [[Horace Greeley]] published "Chinese Immigration to California" an editorial opinion supporting the popular demand for the exclusion of Chinese workers and people from California.  Without using the term "yellow peril," Greeley compared the arriving "[[coolie]]s" to the African slaves who survived the [[Middle Passage]].  He praised the few Christians among the arriving Chinese and continued:
{{blockquote|But of the remainder, what can be said? They are for the most part an industrious people, forbearing and patient of injury, quiet and peaceable in their habits; say this and you have said all good that can be said of them. They are uncivilized, unclean, and filthy beyond all conception, without any of the higher domestic or social relations; lustful and sensual in their dispositions; every female is a prostitute of the basest order; the first words of English that they learn are terms of obscenity or profanity, and beyond this they care to learn no more. |author=New York Daily Tribune|title=Chinese Immigration to California|source=29 September 1854, p. 4.<ref>{{Cite news|date=1854-09-29|title=Chinese Immigration to California |page=4|work=New-York Tribune|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/21187143/chinese-immigration-to-california-29/|access-date=2020-07-17}}</ref>}}

In 1870s California, despite the [[Burlingame Treaty]] (1868) allowing legal migration of unskilled laborers from China, the native white working-class demanded that the U.S. government cease the immigration of "filthy yellow hordes" of Chinese people who took jobs from native-born white-Americans, especially during an [[Depression (economics)|economic depression]].<ref name="Yang"/>

In Los Angeles, Yellow Peril racism provoked the [[Los Angeles Chinese massacre of 1871|Chinese massacre of 1871]], wherein 500 white men [[Lynching|lynched]] 20 Chinese men in the Chinatown ghetto. Throughout the 1870s and 1880s, the leader of the [[Workingmen's Party of California]], the [[demagogue]] [[Denis Kearney]], successfully applied Yellow Peril ideology to his politics against the press, capitalists, politicians, and Chinese workers,<ref>McLain, Charles J. ''In Search of Equality: The Chinese Struggle Against Discrimination in Nineteenth-Century America'', Berkeley: University of California Press, 1994; p. 79.</ref> and concluded his speeches with the epilogue: "and whatever happens, the Chinese must go!"<ref name="G111">Gyory, Andrew. ''Closing the Gate: Race, Politics, and the Chinese Exclusion Act'' Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1998; p. 111.</ref><ref name="TchenKuoDylan 2014">Wei Tchen, John Kuo, Dylan Yeats ''Yellow Peril! An Archive of Anti-Asian Fear'' London: Verso, 2014</ref>{{rp|349}} The Chinese people also were specifically subjected to moralistic panics about their use of opium, and how their use made opium popular among white people.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mary Ting Yi Lui |title=The Chinatown Trunk Mystery: Murder, Miscegenation, and Other Dangerous Encounters in Turn-of-the-century New York City. |publisher=Princeton University Press |pages= 27–32}}</ref> As in the case of Irish-Catholic immigrants, the popular press misrepresented Asian peoples as culturally subversive, whose way of life would diminish republicanism in the U.S.; hence, racist political pressure compelled the U.S. government to legislate the [[Chinese Exclusion Act]] (1882), which remained the effective immigration-law until 1943.<ref name="Yang" /> The act was the first U.S. immigration law to target a specific ethnicity or nationality.<ref name="Crean">{{Cite book |last=Crean |first=Jeffrey |title=The Fear of Chinese Power: an International History |date=2024 |publisher=[[Bloomsbury Academic]] |isbn=978-1-350-23394-2 |edition= |series=New Approaches to International History series |location=London, UK |pages=}}</ref>{{Rp|page=25}} Moreover, following the example of Kaiser Wilhelm II's use of the term in 1895, the popular press in the U.S. adopted the phrase "yellow peril" to identify Japan as a military threat, and to describe the many emigrants from Asia.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Rouse |first1=Wendy |title=Jiu-Jitsuing Uncle Sam: The Unmanly Art of Jiu-Jitsu and the Yellow Peril Threat in the Progressive Era United States |journal=Pacific Historical Review |date=November 2015 |volume=84 |issue=4 |page=450 |doi=10.1525/phr.2015.84.4.448 }}</ref>