Editing Fuel cell (section)

====Boats====
[[File:Die Hydra in Leipzig I.jpg|thumb|Fuel cell boat ([[hydra (boat)|Hydra]]), in [[Leipzig]], Germany]]
The [[Hydra (boat)|Hydra]], a 22-person fuel cell boat operated from 1999 to 2001 on the [[Rhine]] river near [[Bonn]], Germany,<ref>[http://www.fuelcell.hu/fchu_engine/index.php/en/applications FC Applications]</ref> and was used as a ferry boat in [[Ghent]], Belgium, during an electric boat conference in 2000. It was fully certified by the [[Germanischer Lloyd]] for passenger transport.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.gl-group.com/infoServices/rules/pdfs/gl_vi-3-11_e.pdf |title=GL- Rules for classification and construction |access-date=27 November 2023 |archive-date=3 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203021725/http://www.gl-group.com/infoServices/rules/pdfs/gl_vi-3-11_e.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> The Zemship, a small passenger ship, was produced in 2003 to 2013. It used a 100&nbsp;kW [[Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell]]s (PEMFC) with 7 lead gel batteries. With these systems, alongside 12 storage tanks, fuel cells provided an energy capacity of 560&nbsp;V and 234&nbsp;kWh.<ref name=":02">{{Cite journal |last1=Sürer |first1=Meryem Gizem |last2=Arat |first2=Hüseyin Turan |date=2022-05-26 |title=Advancements and current technologies on hydrogen fuel cell applications for marine vehicles |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360319921050552 |journal=International Journal of Hydrogen Energy |series=The Fifth International Hydrogen Technologies Congress |volume=47 |issue=45 |pages=19865–19875 |doi=10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.12.251 |bibcode=2022IJHE...4719865S |s2cid=246104205 |issn=0360-3199|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Made in [[Hamburg]], Germany, the FCS Alsterwasser, revealed in 2008, was one of the first passenger ships powered by fuel cells and could carry 100 passengers. The hybrid fuel cell technology that powered this ship was produced by Proton Motor Fuel Cell GmbH.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=2008-10-01 |title=First fuel cell passenger ship unveiled in Hamburg |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1464285908703729 |journal=Fuel Cells Bulletin |volume=2008 |issue=10 |pages=4–5 |doi=10.1016/S1464-2859(08)70372-9 |bibcode=2008FCBu.2008SV..4. |issn=1464-2859|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

In 2010, the MF Vågen was first produced, utilizing 12&nbsp;kW fuel cells and 2- to 3-kilogram metal hydride hydrogen storage. It also utilizes 25&nbsp;kWh lithium batteries and a 10&nbsp;kW DC motor.<ref name=":02" />
The Hornblower Hybrid debuted in 2012. It utilizes a [[diesel generator]], batteries, [[photovoltaics]], [[wind power]], and fuel cells for energy.<ref name=":02" /> Made in [[Bristol]], a 12-passenger hybrid ferry, Hydrogenesis, has been in operation since 2012.<ref name=":02" /> The SF-BREEZE is a two-motor boat that utilizes 41 × 120&nbsp;kW fuel cells. With a type C storage tank, the pressurized vessel can maintain 1200&nbsp;kg of LH2. These ships are still in operation today.<ref name=":02" /> In Norway, the first ferry powered by fuel cells [[Hydrogen-powered ship|running on liquid hydrogen]] was scheduled for its first test drives in December 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|title=First Liquid Hydrogen Ferry equipped with Fuel Cells|url=https://ferrygogo.com/first-liquid-hydrogen-ferry-equipped-with-fuel-cells/ |date=28 November 2022 |access-date=28 November 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Fuel cells installed onboard the world's first liquid hydrogen-powered ferry |url=https://www.ballard.com/about-ballard/newsroom/market-updates/ballard-fuel-cells-installed-onboard-the-world-s-first-liquid-hydrogen-powered-ferry |date=18 November 2022 |access-date=28 November 2022 |archive-date=28 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221128094146/https://www.ballard.com/about-ballard/newsroom/market-updates/ballard-fuel-cells-installed-onboard-the-world-s-first-liquid-hydrogen-powered-ferry |url-status=dead }}</ref><!-- WAS IT EVER PRODUCED? -->

The [[Type 212 submarine]]s of the German and Italian navies use fuel cells to remain submerged for weeks without the need to surface.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-10-01 |title=A Revolution in Submarine Propulsion |url=https://www.usni.org/magazines/proceedings/2020/october/revolution-submarine-propulsion#:~:text=The%20third%20AIP%20option%20is%20the%20fuel%20cell.,212%20class%20is%20equipped%20with%20a%20fuel%20cell. |access-date=2024-12-03 |website=U.S. Naval Institute |language=en}}</ref> The U212A is a non-nuclear submarine developed by German naval shipyard Howaldtswerke Deutsche Werft.<ref>[http://articles.cnn.com/2011-02-22/tech/hybrid.submarine_1_submariners-aircraft-carrier-howaldtswerke-deutsche-werft?_s=PM:TECH "Super-stealth sub powered by fuel cell"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110804181646/http://articles.cnn.com/2011-02-22/tech/hybrid.submarine_1_submariners-aircraft-carrier-howaldtswerke-deutsche-werft?_s=PM%3ATECH |date= 4 August 2011 }}. Frederik Pleitgen. CNN Tech: Nuclear Weapons. 22 February 2011. Accessed 2 August 2011.</ref> The system consists of nine PEM fuel cells, providing between 30&nbsp;kW and 50&nbsp;kW each. The ship is silent, giving it an advantage in the detection of other submarines.<ref>[http://www.naval-technology.com/projects/type_212/, "U212 / U214 Attack Submarines, Germany"]. Naval-Technology.com. Accessed 2 August 2011. {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121003154509/http://www.naval-technology.com/projects/type_212/ |date=3 October 2012 }}</ref>