Editing Timeline of historic inventions (section)

==Early modern era==
=== 16th century ===
* '''16th century:''' [[Chintz]] or [[Woodblock printing|printed]] clothing in [[Qutb Shahi dynasty|Golconda]], India<ref name="Allen G. Noble">{{cite book |last=Noble |first=Allen G. |title=India: Cultural Patterns And Processes |publisher=Routledge |year=2019 |isbn=9780429724633 |page=1 |jstor=44148394}}</ref>
* '''16th century:'''  [[Hookah]] by Irfan Shaikh, at the court of the Mughal emperor [[Akbar]] I (1542{{endash}}1605).
<ref name="iranica">{{cite web |author=Razpush, Shahnaz |date=15 December 2000 |title=ḠALYĀN |url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/galyan- |access-date=19 December 2012 |publisher=[[Encyclopedia Iranica]] |pages=261–265 |volume=X}}</ref><ref name="Sivaramakrishnan4-5">{{cite book |last=Sivaramakrishnan |first=V. M. |title=Tobacco and Areca Nut |publisher=Orient Blackswan |year=2001 |isbn=81-250-2013-6 |location=[[Hyderabad (India)|Hyderabad]] |pages=4–5}}</ref>
* '''1560:''' [[Dry dock#Floating|Floating dry dock]] in [[Venice]], [[Venetian Republic]]<ref>[[George Sarton|Sarton, George]] (1946): "Floating Docks in the Sixteenth Century", ''[[Isis (journal)|Isis]]'', Vol. 36, No. 3/4, pp.&nbsp;153–154 (153f.)</ref>
* '''1569:''' [[Mercator Projection]] map created by [[Gerardus Mercator]]
* '''1589:''' [[Stocking frame]]: Invented by [[William Lee (inventor)|William Lee]].<ref>{{cite web|title=William Lee English inventor|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/William-Lee|website=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=13 June 2017|language=en}}</ref>
* '''1594:''' [[Backstaff]]: Invented by Captain [[John Davis (English explorer)|John Davis]].
* '''By at least 1597:''' [[Revolver]]: Invented by Hans Stopler.

===17th century===
[[File:Relation Aller Fuernemmen und gedenckwuerdigen Historien (1609).jpg|thumb|upright|A 1609 title page of the ''[[Relation aller Fürnemmen und gedenckwürdigen Historien|Relation]]'', the world's first newspaper (first published in 1605)<ref name="World Association of Newspapers"/><ref name="Weber 2006, 396f."/>]]
* '''1605:''' [[Newspaper]] (''[[Relation aller Fürnemmen und gedenckwürdigen Historien|Relation]]''): [[Johann Carolus]] in [[Strassburg]] (see also [[List of the oldest newspapers]])<ref name="World Association of Newspapers">World Association of Newspapers: [http://www.wan-press.org/article6476.html "Newspapers: 400 Years Young!"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100310235015/http://www.wan-press.org/article6476.html |date=10 March 2010}}</ref><ref name="Weber 2006, 396f.">Weber, Johannes (2006): "Strassburg, 1605: The Origins of the Newspaper in Europe", ''German History'', Vol. 24, No. 3, pp.&nbsp;387–412 (396f.)</ref>
* '''1608:''' [[Telescope]]: Patent applied for by [[Hans Lippershey]]. Actual inventor unknown since it seemed to already be a common item being offered by the spectacle makers in the Netherlands with [[Jacob Metius]] also applying for patent and the son of [[Zacharias Janssen]] making a claim 47 years later that his father invented it.
* '''1620:''' [[Optical microscope#Compound microscope|Compound microscopes]], which combine an [[Objective (optics)|objective lens]] with an [[eyepiece]] to view a [[real image]], first appear in Europe. Apparently derived from the telescope, actual inventor unknown, variously attributed to [[Zacharias Janssen]] (his son claiming it was invented in 1590), [[Cornelis Drebbel]], and [[Galileo Galilei]].<ref>David Macaulay, The Way Things Work Now, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt – 2016, page 383</ref>
* '''1630:''' [[Slide rule]]: invented by [[William Oughtred]]<ref>Michelle Selinger, ''Teaching Mathematics'' (1994), p. 142.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://galileo.rice.edu/Catalog/NewFiles/delamain.html |title=The Galileo Project |publisher=Galileo.rice.edu |access-date=31 October 2012}}</ref>
* '''1642:''' [[Mechanical calculator]]. The [[Pascaline]] is built by [[Blaise Pascal]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=A Brief History of the Calculator I Oxford Open Learning |url=https://www.ool.co.uk/blog/brief-history-calculator/ |access-date=2023-04-12 |website=www.ool.co.uk}}</ref>
* '''1643:''' [[Barometer]]: invented by [[Evangelista Torricelli]], or possibly up to three years earlier by [[Gasparo Berti]].<ref name="http://www.islandnet.com/~see/weather/history/barometerhistory1.htm">{{cite web|url=http://www.islandnet.com/~see/weather/history/barometerhistory1.htm |title=The Invention of the Barometer |publisher=Islandnet.com |access-date=4 February 2010}}</ref>
* '''1650:''' [[Vacuum pump]]: Invented by [[Otto von Guericke]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=da C. Andrade |first=E. N. |date=1959-03-01 |title=The history of the vacuum pump |url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0042-207X%2859%2990555-X |journal=Vacuum |language=en |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=41–47 |doi=10.1016/0042-207X(59)90555-X |bibcode=1959Vacuu...9...41D |issn=0042-207X|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
* '''1656:''' [[Pendulum clock]]: Invented by [[Christiaan Huygens]]. It was first conceptualized in 1637 by [[Galileo Galilei]] but he was unable to create a working model.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The invention of the pendulum clock {{!}} THE SEIKO MUSEUM GINZA |url=https://museum.seiko.co.jp/en/ |access-date=2023-04-12 |website=THE SEIKO MUSEUM |language=en}}</ref>
* '''1663:''' [[Electrostatic generator|Friction machine]]: Invented by [[Otto von Guericke]].
* '''1668:''' First functional [[reflecting telescope]] constructed by [[Isaac Newton]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Hall |first=A. Rupert (Alfred Rupert) |url=http://archive.org/details/isaacnewtonadven0000hall |title=Isaac Newton, adventurer in thought |date=1996 |publisher=Cambridge; New York, NY : Cambridge University Press |others=Internet Archive |isbn=978-0-521-56669-8}}</ref>
* '''1679:''' [[Pressure-cooker]]: Invented by [[Denis Papin]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Hindle |first1=Brooke |last2=Lubar |first2=Steven |date=1988 |title=Engines of Change: The American Industrial Revolution, 1790-1860 |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25143112 |journal=Labour / Le Travail |volume=22 |pages=378 |doi=10.2307/25143112 |jstor=25143112 |issn=0700-3862|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
* '''1680:''' [[Christiaan Huygens]] provides the first known description of a [[Gunpowder engine|piston engine]].<ref>Thurston, pp 25</ref>
* '''1698:''' [[Thomas Savery]] develops a [[Thomas Savery#Steam-powered pump|steam-powered water pump]]: for draining mines<ref>{{Citation |title=Savery and his Fire Engine |date=2011-02-17 |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511708169.003 |work=A Short History of the Steam Engine |pages=18–28 |access-date=2023-04-11 |publisher=Cambridge University Press|doi=10.1017/cbo9780511708169.003 |isbn=9781108012287 |url-access=subscription }}</ref>

===18th century===

====1700s====
* '''1709:''' [[Bartolomeo Cristofori]] crafts the first [[piano]].
* '''1709:''' [[Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit]] invents the alcohol [[thermometer]].

====1710s====
* '''1712:''' [[Thomas Newcomen]] builds the first commercial steam engine to pump water out of mines.<ref name="McNeil1990">{{cite book |title=An Encyclopedia of the History of Technology |last=McNeil |first=Ian |year=1990 |publisher=Routledge |location=London |isbn=0-415-14792-1 |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780415147927}}</ref> Newcomen's engine, unlike [[Thomas Savery]]'s, uses a piston.

====1730s====
* '''1730:''' [[Thomas Godfrey (inventor)|Thomas Godfrey]] and [[John Hadley]] independently develop the [[Octant (instrument)|octant]]
* '''1733:''' [[John Kay (flying shuttle)|John Kay]] enables one person to operate a loom with the [[flying shuttle]]<ref name="Lord1903">{{cite book |title=Memoir of John Kay, of Bury: Inventory of the Fly-Shuttle |last=Lord |first=John |year=1903 |publisher=J. Clegg |location=Rochdale |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=POgEAAAAYAAJ&q=%22john%20kay%22%20loom&pg=PA5}}</ref>
* '''1738:''' [[Lewis Paul]] and [[John Wyatt (inventor)|John Wyatt]] invent the first [[Paul-Wyatt cotton mills|mechanized cotton spinning machine]].

====1740s====
* '''1742:''' [[Benjamin Franklin]] invents the [[Franklin stove]].
* '''1745:''' [[Pieter van Musschenbroek|Musschenbroek]] and [[Ewald Georg von Kleist|Kleist]] independently develop the [[Leyden jar]], an early form of [[capacitor]].
* '''1746:''' [[John Roebuck]] invents the [[lead chamber process]].

====1750s====
* '''1752:''' [[Benjamin Franklin]] invents the [[lightning rod]].
* '''1755:''' [[William Cullen]] invents the first artificial [[refrigeration]] machine.

====1760s====
* '''1760:''' [[John Joseph Merlin]] invents the first  [[Roller skates]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pollak |first=Michael |date=2015-04-24 |title=The History of Roller Skates |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/26/nyregion/the-history-of-roller-skates.html |access-date=2023-04-11 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> 
* '''1764:''' [[James Hargreaves]] invents the [[spinning jenny]].
* '''1765:''' [[James Watt]] invents the improved [[steam engine]] utilizing a separate condenser.
* '''1767:''' [[Joseph Priestley]] invents a method for the production of [[carbonated water]].
* '''1769:''' [[Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot]] invents the first steam-powered vehicle capable of carrying passengers, an early [[car]].

====1770s====
* '''1770:''' [[Richard Salter (inventor)|Richard Salter]] invents the earliest known design for a [[weighing scale]].
* '''1774:''' [[John Wilkinson (industrialist)|John Wilkinson]] invents his [[boring (manufacturing)|boring]] machine, considered by some to be the first [[machine tool]].
* '''1775:''' [[Jesse Ramsden]] invents the modern [[screw-cutting lathe]].
* '''1776:''' [[John Wilkinson (industrialist)|John Wilkinson]] invents a mechanical [[air compressor]] that would become the prototype for all later mechanical compressors.
* '''1778:''' [[Robert Barron (locksmith)|Robert Barron]] invents the first [[lever tumbler lock]].

====1780s====
*'''1780:''' [[Hyder Ali]] of [[Kingdom of Mysore|Mysore]], India develops the first [[Mysorean rockets|metal-cylinder rockets]].<ref name="Roddam">{{cite web |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/37179995 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727034357/https://www.nal.res.in/pdf/pdfrocket.pdf |title=Rockets in Mysore and Britain, 1750–1850 A.D. |last=Narasimha |first=Roddam |date=27 July 2011 |archive-date=27 July 2011 |publisher=National Aeronautical Laboratory and Indian Institute of Science.}}</ref>
* '''1783:''' [[Claude de Jouffroy]] builds the first [[steamboat]].
* '''1783:''' [[Montgolfier brothers|Joseph-Ralf]] and [[Montgolfier brothers|Jacques-Étienne Montgolfier]] build the first manned [[hot air balloon]].
* '''1783:''' [[Louis-Sébastien Lenormand]] invents and uses the first modern [[parachute]].
* '''1785:''' [[Martinus van Marum]] is the first to use the [[electrolysis]] technique.
* '''1786:''' [[Andrew Meikle]] invents the [[threshing machine]].
* '''1789:''' [[Edmund Cartwright]] invents the [[power loom]].

====1790s====
* '''1790:''' [[Thomas Saint]] invents the [[sewing machine]].
* '''1792:''' [[Claude Chappe]] invents the modern semaphore [[telegraph]].
* '''1793:''' [[Eli Whitney]] invents the modern [[cotton gin]].
* '''1795:''' [[Joseph Bramah]] invents the [[hydraulic press]].
* '''1796:''' [[Alois Senefelder]] invents the [[lithography]] printing technique.<ref name="meggspage146">Meggs, Philip B. A History of Graphic Design. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1998. p 146 {{ISBN|0-471-29198-6}}</ref>
* '''1797:''' [[Samuel Bentham]] invents [[plywood]].
* '''1799:''' [[George Medhurst]] invents the first motorized [[air compressor]].
* '''1799:''' The first [[paper machine]] is invented by [[Louis-Nicolas Robert]].