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Assault
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=====New York===== In [[New York State]], assault (as defined in the New York State Penal Code Article 120)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/PEN/120.05|title=Article 120 β NY Penal Law β Assault Menacing Stalking β Law|publisher=New York State Senate|access-date=15 March 2018}}</ref> requires an actual injury. Other states define this as battery; there is no crime of battery in New York. However, in New York if a person threatens another person with imminent injury without engaging in physical contact, that is called "menacing". A person who engages in that behavior is guilty of aggravated harassment in the second degree (a [[misdemeanor|Class A misdemeanor]]; punishable with up to one year [[incarceration]], [[probation]] for an extended time, and a permanent [[criminal record]]) when they threaten to cause physical harm to another person, and guilty of aggravated harassment in the first degree (a [[Class E felony]]) if they have a previous conviction for the same offense.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://codes.findlaw.com/ny/penal-law/pen-sect-240-30.html|title=New York Consolidated Laws, Penal Law β PEN Β§ 240.30 β FindLaw|website=findlaw.com|access-date=23 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://statelaws.findlaw.com/new-york-law/new-york-harassment-laws.html|title=New York Harassment Laws β FindLaw|website=findlaw.com|access-date=23 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/06/opinion/when-is-a-threat-a-criminal-act.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220101/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/06/opinion/when-is-a-threat-a-criminal-act.html |archive-date=2022-01-01 |url-access=limited|title=Opinion β When Is a Threat a Criminal Act?|date=2014-12-05|newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=23 July 2018}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.new-york-lawyers.org/second-degree-aggravated-harassment.html|title=Second Degree Aggravated Harassment|website=The Law Office of Crotty & Saland|access-date=23 July 2018}}</ref> New York also has specific laws against [[hazing]], when such threats are made as requirement to join an organization.
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