Editing Convergent evolution (section)

=== Process-based measures ===

Methods to infer process-based convergence fit models of selection to a phylogeny and continuous trait data to determine whether the same selective forces have acted upon lineages. This uses the [[Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process]] to test different scenarios of selection. Other methods rely on an ''[[A priori knowledge|a priori]]'' specification of where shifts in selection have occurred.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Ingram |first1=Travis |last2=Mahler |first2=D. Luke |date=2013-05-01 |title=SURFACE: detecting convergent evolution from comparative data by fitting Ornstein-Uhlenbeck models with stepwise Akaike Information Criterion |journal=Methods in Ecology and Evolution |volume=4 |issue=5 |pages=416–425 |doi=10.1111/2041-210X.12034 |bibcode=2013MEcEv...4..416I |s2cid=86382470 |doi-access=free }}</ref>