Editing Denial-of-service attack (section)

===Sophisticated low-bandwidth Distributed Denial-of-Service Attack===
A sophisticated low-bandwidth DDoS attack is a form of DoS that uses less traffic and increases its effectiveness by aiming at a weak point in the victim's system design, i.e., the attacker sends traffic consisting of complicated requests to the system.<ref name="Ben-Porat 1031–1043">{{Cite journal|title = Vulnerability of Network Mechanisms to Sophisticated DDoS Attacks|journal = IEEE Transactions on Computers|date = 2013-05-01|issn = 0018-9340|pages = 1031–1043|volume = 62|issue = 5|doi = 10.1109/TC.2012.49|first1 = U.|last1 = Ben-Porat|first2 = A.|last2 = Bremler-Barr|first3 = H.|last3 = Levy|s2cid = 26395831}}</ref> Essentially, a sophisticated DDoS attack is lower in cost due to its use of less traffic, is smaller in size making it more difficult to identify, and it has the ability to hurt systems which are protected by flow control mechanisms.<ref name="Ben-Porat 1031–1043"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://sourceforge.net/projects/slow-http-test/|title=Slow HTTP Test|author=orbitalsatelite|work=SourceForge|date=8 September 2016 }}</ref>