Editing Dnipro (section)

==Economy==
[[File:Чавуноплавильний завод у Катеринославі, 1889 рік.jpg|thumb|The [[Dniprovsky Metallurgical Plant|Alexander Southern Russian Ironworks and Rolling Mill of the Bryansk Joint-Stock Company]] (currently the Dniprovsky Metallurgical Plant) depicted in 1889.]]
Dnipro is a major industrial centre of Ukraine.<ref name="DniproEcml2wsbzc6">{{cite web |author=Anthony Loyd|title='If we don't fight the Russian invasion, we'll lose everything'
|url=https://www.thetimes.com/world/russia-ukraine-war/article/war-in-ukraine-if-we-dont-fight-the-russian-invasion-well-lose-everything-ml2wsbzc6
|website=[[The Times]]|date=25 February 2022|access-date=17 October 2022|language=Ukrainian}}</ref> It has several facilities devoted to heavy industry that produce a wide range of products, including [[cast-iron]], [[launch vehicle]]s, rolled metal, pipes, [[machinery]], different mining combines, [[agricultural equipment]], [[tractor]]s, [[trolleybus]]es, refrigerators, different chemicals and many others.{{Citation needed|date=March 2012}} The most famous and the oldest (founded in the 19th century) is the [[Dniprovsky Metallurgical Plant]] (from 1922 until the time of [[decommunization in Ukraine]], the plant was named after the Soviet Union statesman [[Grigory Petrovsky]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.radiosvoboda.org/a/976462.html|title=Grigory Petrovsky: from a workers' activist to a party dignitary |website=[[Radio Free Europe]]|date=January 30, 2008|access-date=October 18, 2022|last1=Свобода |first1=Радіо }}</ref>). Other notable industrial company of Dnipro is [[PA Pivdenmash]], a heavy machinery and rocket manufacturer.

Metals and metallurgy is the city's core industry in terms of output. Employment in the city is concentrated in large-sized enterprises. Metallurgical enterprises are based in the city and account for over 47% of its industrial output. These enterprises are important contributors to the city's budget and, with 80% of their output being exported, to Ukraine's foreign exchange reserve. Dnipro serves as the main import hub for foreign goods coming into the oblast and, on average, accounted for 58% of the oblast's imports between 2005 and 2011. With economic conditions improving even further in 2010 and 2011, registered unemployment fell to about 4,100 by the end of 2011.

The city of Dnipro's economy is dominated by the wholesale and retail trade sector, which accounted for 53% of the output of non-financial enterprises in 2010.
[[File:PrivatBank Headoffice.jpg|thumbnail|Main office [[PrivatBank]]]]
Entrepreneur [[Ihor Kolomoyskyi]]'s [[Privat Group]], a global business group, is based in the city and grouped around the [[Privatbank]]. Privat Group controls thousands of companies of virtually every industry in Ukraine, European Union, Georgia, [[Ghana]], Russia, [[Romania]], United States and other countries. Steel, oil & gas, chemical and energy are sectors of the group's prime influence and expertise. Privat Group is in business conflict with the [[Interpipe]], also based in Dnipro area. The influential metallurgical mill company founded and mostly owned by the local business oligarch [[Viktor Pinchuk]].

Another company headquartered in Dnipro is [[ATB-Market]]. This company owns the largest national network of retail shops.

None of the group's capital is publicly traded on the stock exchange. Group's founding owners are natives of Dnipro and made their entire career here. [[Privatbank]], the core of the group, is the largest commercial bank in Ukraine. In March 2014 was named by the American review magazine ''Global Finance'' as "the Best Bank in Ukraine for 2014" while British magazine ''The Banker'' in November 2013 named again the same bank as "the Bank of the year 2013 in Ukraine".

In 2018 a private Texas-based [[aerospace]] firm [[Firefly Aerospace]] opened a Research and Development (R&D) centre in Dnipro to develop small and medium-sized [[launch vehicle]]s for commercial launches to orbit.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kyivpost.com/business/firefly-looks-to-bolster-aerospace-ties-with-us-investing-in-ukraine-for-the-long-haul.html |title=Firefly looks to bolster aerospace ties with US, investing in Ukraine for the long-haul {{!}} KyivPost – Ukraine's Global Voice|date=20 August 2018|website=KyivPost |access-date=2019-04-16}}</ref>

{|class="wikitable"
|- valign="top"
! style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"|Year
! style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"|Factories<br/>& Plants
! style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"|Employees
! style="text-align:center;" colspan="3"|Production Volume<ref name=Convert1900>Conversion from contemporary Imperial Russian roubles to 2007 currency used the following method:<br/> (1) Conversion to contemporary Sterling used [http://eh.net/databases/finance/ table 18], which accompanies Marc Flandreau and Frédréric Zumer's book ''The Making of Global Finance, 1880–1913'', OECD 2004. <br/>(2) Conversion to 2007 Sterling used RPI data from Table 63 of ''National Income Expenditure and Output of the United Kingdom 1855–1965'', by CH Feinstein, pub [[Cambridge University Press]], 1972 and [http://www.statistics.gov.uk/StatBase/tsdataset.asp?vlnk=7172&More=N&All=Y Retail Prices Index: annual index numbers of retail prices 1948–2007 (RPI) (RPIX)] <br/>(3) Conversion to 2007 US Dollars used the calculated 2007 Sterling value and the average exchange rate for 2007, i.e. $1=£0.49987, taken from [http://www.oanda.com FXHistory: historical currency exchange rates]. It would have been better to have used contemporary ruble/dollar exchange rates and US RPI data, but the latter were not available to author (March 2008).</ref>
! style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"|Reference
|- valign="top"
! style="text-align:center;"|roubles
! style="text-align:center;"|2007 [[£stg]] <br/>million
! style="text-align:center;"|2007 US$<br/>million
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|1880
|style="text-align:right;"|49
|style="text-align:right;"|572
|style="text-align:right;"|1,500,000
|style="text-align:right;"|£10.5 m
|style="text-align:right;"|$21 m
||<ref name=DJC/>
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|1903
|style="text-align:right;"|194
|style="text-align:right;"|10,649
|style="text-align:right;"|21,500,000
|style="text-align:right;"|£177.5 m
|style="text-align:right;"|$355 m
||<ref name=DJC/>
|}

{|class="wikitable"
|- valign="top"
! style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"|Year
! style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"|Enterprises
! style="text-align:center;" colspan="3"|Earnings<ref name=Convert1900/><ref name=Convert1940>Conversion from 1940 roubles to 2007 currency used a similar method to that used with Imperial Russian roubles, with the following used to generate rouble to Sterling exchange rate for 1940. [http://www.gutenberg-e.org/kod01/frames/fkod16.html Kawlsky, Daniel, ''Stalin and the Spanish Civil War'' Chapter 11] quotes a rate for the 1930s of 5.3 roubles per US dollar. [http://www.measuringworth.com/calculators/exchange/result_exchange.php measuringworth.com] quotes a 1940 exchange rate of $1000000=£261096.61.</ref>
! style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"|Reference
|- valign="top"
! style="text-align:center;"|roubles
! style="text-align:center;"|£2007 stg <br/>million
! style="text-align:center;"|2007 US$<br/>million
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|1900
|style="text-align:right;"|1,800
|style="text-align:right;"|40,000,000
|style="text-align:right;"|£328.7 m
|style="text-align:right;"|$658 m
||<ref name=Surh/>
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|1940
|style="text-align:right;"|622
|style="text-align:right;"|1,096,929,000
|style="text-align:right;"|£2,120.3 m
|style="text-align:right;"|$4,242 m
||<ref name=DJC/>
|}