Editing Improvised explosive device (section)

===Afghanistan===
{{More citations needed section|date=December 2009}}
[[File:3rd Battalion 3rd Marines controlled detonation.jpg|thumb|alt=Marines beside a mud wall as an explosion goes off behind it|U.S. Marines with Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) destroy an improvised explosive device cache in southern [[Afghanistan]] in June 2010.]]

Starting six months before the [[Soviet–Afghan War|invasion]] of Afghanistan by the [[USSR]] on 27 December 1979, the Afghan [[Mujahideen]] were supplied by the CIA, among others, with large quantities of military supplies. Among those supplies were many types of [[anti-tank mine]]s. The insurgents often removed the explosives from several foreign anti-tank mines, and combined the explosives in tin cooking-oil cans for a more powerful blast. By combining the explosives from several mines and placing them in tin cans, the insurgents made them more powerful, but sometimes also easier to detect by Soviet sappers using [[mine detector]]s. After an IED was detonated, the insurgents often used direct-fire weapons such as machine guns and rocket-propelled grenades to continue the attack.{{according to whom?|date=October 2024}}

Afghan insurgents operating far from the border with Pakistan did not have a ready supply of foreign anti-tank mines. They preferred to make IEDs from Soviet unexploded ordnance. The devices were rarely triggered by pressure fuses. They were almost always remotely detonated. Since the [[War in Afghanistan (2001–present)|2001 invasion of Afghanistan]], the [[Taliban]] and its supporters have used IEDs against [[NATO]] and Afghan military and civilian vehicles. This has become the most common method of attack against NATO forces, with IED attacks increasing consistently year on year.{{according to whom?|date=October 2024}}

A brigade commander said that [[sniffer dogs]] are the most reliable way of detecting IEDs.<ref>{{cite news|last=Johnson |first=Andrew |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/taliban-make-undetectable-bombs-out-of-wood-1863353.html |title=Taliban make 'undetectable' bombs out of wood |work=Independent |date=10 January 2010 |access-date=11 May 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220506003313/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/taliban-make-undetectable-bombs-out-of-wood-1863353.html|archive-date=May 6, 2022}}</ref> However, statistical evidence gathered by the US Army Maneuver Support Center at Fort Leonard Wood, MO shows that the dogs are not the most effective means of detecting IEDs.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Loofe |first=Cpl. Jenna |date=2022-03-16 |title=Military working dogs participate in C-IED Training |url=https://www.marines.mil/News/News-Display/Article/580560/military-working-dogs-participate-in-c-ied-training/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marines.mil%2FNews%2FNews-Display%2FArticle%2F580560%2Fmilitary-working-dogs-participate-in-c-ied-training%2F |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220727175420/https://www.marines.mil/News/News-Display/Article/580560/military-working-dogs-participate-in-c-ied-training/ |archive-date=July 27, 2022 |access-date=2022-07-27 |website=United States Marine Corps Flagship |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ahlgrimm |first=Perry |date=2016-05-27 |title=Military Protection Dogs Save Lives By Sniffing Out IEDs In War-Torn Areas |url=https://ccprotectiondogs.com/military-protection-dogs-save-lives-by-sniffing-out-ieds-in-war-torn-areas/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210723190325/https://ccprotectiondogs.com/military-protection-dogs-save-lives-by-sniffing-out-ieds-in-war-torn-areas/ |archive-date=23 July 2021 |access-date=2022-07-27 |website=[[CC Protection Dogs]] |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Deluca |first=Asheleigh N. |date=November 9, 2014 |title=Billions Have Been Spent on Technology to Find IEDs, but Dogs Still Do It Better |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/culture/article/141107-war-dogs-military-hero-ied-animals-american-veterans-day |url-access=registration |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210310165647/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/culture/article/141107-war-dogs-military-hero-ied-animals-american-veterans-day |archive-date=March 10, 2021 |access-date=July 27, 2022 |website=[[National Geographic]]}}</ref> The U.S. Army's 10th Mountain Division was the first unit to introduce explosive detection dogs<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.patriotdog.com/bomb-dog-services.html|title=Reliable Explosives Detection Dogs – Patriot K-9|access-date=29 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150929154853/http://www.patriotdog.com/bomb-dog-services.html|archive-date=29 September 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> in southern Afghanistan. In less than two years the dogs discovered 15 tons of illegal munitions, IED's, and weapons.<ref>government contract GSO7F-5391P</ref>

In July 2012 it was reported that "sticky bombs", magnetically adhesive IED's that were prevalent in the [[Iraq War]], showed up in Afghanistan.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.stripes.com/news/middle-east/afghanistan/sticky-bombs-like-those-used-in-iraq-now-appearing-in-afghanistan-1.183623|title=Sticky bombs, like those used in Iraq, now appearing in Afghanistan|work=Stars and Stripes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220804095019/https://www.stripes.com/theaters/middle_east/sticky-bombs-like-those-used-in-iraq-now-appearing-in-afghanistan-1.183623|archive-date=August 4, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2012/07/23/Sticky-bombs-showing-up-in-Afghanistan/UPI-78641343049102/|title=Sticky bombs showing up in Afghanistan|publisher=UPI|date=23 July 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220506003318/https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2012/07/23/Sticky-bombs-showing-up-in-Afghanistan/UPI-78641343049102/|archive-date= May 6, 2022}}</ref> By 2021 there was at least one sticky bomb attack a day in Kabul. They are used in both traditional assassinations and targeted killings and as terror weapons against the population at large.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Gannon |first1=Kathy |title=Sticky Bombs Latest Weapon in Afghanistan's Arsenal of War |url=https://thediplomat.com/2021/03/sticky-bombs-latest-weapon-in-afghanistans-arsenal-of-war/ |website=thediplomat.com |publisher=The Diplomat |access-date=29 March 2021|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220704094542/https://thediplomat.com/2021/03/sticky-bombs-latest-weapon-in-afghanistans-arsenal-of-war/|archive-date=July 4, 2022}}</ref>

In November 2013 one of the largest IEDs constructed was intercepted near Gardez City in Eastern Afghanistan.  The 61,000 pounds of explosives was hidden under what appeared to be piles of wood.  By comparison, the truck bomb that all but razed the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City and killed 168 people in 1995 weighed less than 5,000 pounds.<ref>{{cite web |title=Afghan forces discover truck loaded with 61,000 pounds of explosives |url=https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2013/11/13/Afghan-forces-discover-truck-loaded-with-61000-pounds-of-explosives/55271384375944/ |publisher=UPI |access-date=24 March 2024}}</ref> A [[United States Army Corps of Engineers]] officer assigned to the nearby FOB Lightning analyzed the potential blast damage, which resulted in closing FOB Goode due to its proximity to the highway.<ref name="Kemper">{{cite journal |last1=Kemper |first1=Bart |title=Blast Modeling for Facility Security Management |journal=International Society of Explosives Engineers |date=January 2019 |volume=Proceedings of the 45th Annual Conference on Explosives and Blasting Techniques |pages=477–486 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330741964}}</ref>

ISAF troops stationed in Afghanistan and other IED prone areas of operation would commonly "BIP" (blow in place) IED's and other explosives that were considered too dangerous to defuse.{{according to whom?|date=October 2024}}