Editing Manx language (section)

=== Loanwords ===
[[File:Manx loaghtan.jpg|right|thumb|[[Manx Loaghtan|Loaghtan]], a Manx breed of primitive sheep. The name means "mousy grey" in Manx.]]

[[Loanword]]s are primarily [[Norse language|Norse]] and [[English language|English]], with a smaller number coming from French. Some examples of Norse loanwords are {{lang|gv|garey}} "[[garden]]" (from {{Lang|non|garðr}} "enclosure") and {{lang|gv|sker}} "sea rock" (from {{Lang|non|sker}}). Examples of French loanwords are {{lang|gv|danjeyr}} "danger" (from {{lang|fr|danger}}) and {{lang|gv|vondeish}} "advantage" (from {{lang|fr|avantage}}).

English loanwords were common in late (pre-revival) Manx, e.g. {{lang|gv|boy}} "boy", {{lang|gv|badjer}} "[[badger]]", rather than the more usual native Gaelic {{lang|gv|guilley}} and {{lang|gv|brock}}. In more recent years, there has been a reaction against such borrowing, resulting in coinages for technical vocabulary. Despite this, [[calque]]s exist in Manx, not necessarily obvious to its speakers. To fill gaps in recorded Manx vocabulary, revivalists have referred to modern Irish and Scottish Gaelic for words and inspiration.

Some religious terms come ultimately from [[Latin]], [[Greek language|Greek]] and [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]], e.g. {{lang|gv|casherick}} "holy" (from Latin {{lang|la|consecrātus}}), {{lang|gv|agglish}} "church" (from Greek {{lang|grc|ἐκκλησία}}/{{transliteration|grc|ekklesia}} "assembly") and {{lang|gv|abb}} "[[abbot]]" (from Hebrew {{lang|he|אבא}}/{{transliteration|he|abba}} "father"). These did not necessarily come directly into Manx, but via Old Irish. In more recent times, {{lang|gv|ulpan}} has been borrowed from [[modern Hebrew]]. Many Irish and English loanwords also have a classical origin, e.g. {{lang|gv|çhellveeish}} "[[television]]" (Irish {{lang|ga|teilifís}}) and {{lang|gv|çhellvane}} "[[telephone]]". Foreign language words (usually via English) are used occasionally especially for ethnic food, e.g. [[chorizo]] and [[spaghetti]].

Going in the other direction, Manx Gaelic has influenced [[Manx English]] (Anglo-Manx). Common words and phrases in Anglo-Manx originating in the language include ''tholtan'' "ruined farmhouse",<ref>{{cite news |title=A snapshpot of Manx history |work=Stamp and Coin Mart |publisher=Warners Group Publications |date=February 2018 |page=38}}</ref> ''quaaltagh'' "[[first-foot]]", ''keeill'' "(old) church", ''[[cammag]]'', ''traa-dy-liooar'' "time enough", and [[Tynwald]] (''tinvaal''), which is ultimately of Norse origin, but comes from Manx. It is suggested that the [[House of Keys]] takes its name from ''Kiare as Feed'' (four and twenty), which is the number of its sitting members.