Editing Scheme (programming language) (section)

== Usage ==
Scheme is widely used by several<ref name="schemers_inc">{{Cite web |last=Ed Martin |date=2009-07-20 |title=List of Scheme-using schools |url=http://www.schemers.com/schools.html |access-date=2009-10-20 |publisher=Schemers Inc.}}</ref> schools; in particular, several introductory [[computer science]] courses use Scheme in conjunction with the textbook ''[[Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs]]'' (SICP).<ref name="sicp_adopters">{{Cite web |date=1999-01-26 |title=List of SICP-using schools |url=http://mitpress.mit.edu/sicp/adopt-list.html |access-date=2009-10-20 |publisher=MIT Press}}</ref> For the past 12 years, [[Racket (programming language)|PLT]] has run the [[ProgramByDesign]] (formerly TeachScheme!) project, which has exposed close to 600 high school teachers and thousands of high school students to rudimentary Scheme programming. [[MIT]]'s old introductory programming class 6.001 was taught in Scheme,<ref name="6.001">{{Cite web |last=Eric Grimson |author-link=Eric Grimson |date=Spring 2005 |title=6.001 Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs |url=http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Electrical-Engineering-and-Computer-Science/6-001Spring-2005/CourseHome/index.htm |access-date=2009-10-20 |publisher=MIT Open Courseware}}</ref> Although 6.001 has been replaced by more modern courses, SICP continues to be taught at MIT.<ref name="6.001_zombies">{{Cite web |last1=Alex Vandiver |last2=Nelson Elhage |display-authors=etal |date=January 2009 |title=6.184 - Zombies drink caffeinated 6.001 |url=http://web.mit.edu/alexmv/6.001/ |access-date=2009-10-20 |publisher=MIT CSAIL}}</ref> Likewise, the introductory class at [[UC Berkeley]], CS 61A, was until 2011 taught entirely in Scheme, save minor diversions into [[Logo (programming language)|Logo]] to demonstrate dynamic scope. Today, like MIT, Berkeley has replaced the syllabus with a more modern version that is primarily taught in [[Python (programming language)|Python 3]], but the current syllabus is still based on the old curriculum, and parts of the class are still taught in Scheme.<ref name="61A">{{Cite web |last=John DeNero |date=Fall 2019 |title=Computer Science 61A, Berkeley |url=https://cs61a.org/articles/about.html |access-date=2019-12-17 |publisher=Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, Berkeley}}</ref>

The textbook ''[[How to Design Programs]]'' by Matthias Felleisen, currently at Northeastern University, is used by some institutes of higher education for their introductory computer science courses. Both [[Northeastern University]] and [[Worcester Polytechnic Institute]] use Scheme exclusively for their introductory courses Fundamentals of Computer Science (CS2500) and Introduction to Program Design (CS1101), respectively.<ref name="neu">[http://www.ccs.neu.edu/course/cs2500/ CS 2500: Fundamentals of Computer Science I], [[Northeastern University]]</ref><ref name="wpi">[http://web.cs.wpi.edu/~cs1101/a05/details.html#software CS 1101: Introduction to Program Design (A05): course software], [[Worcester Polytechnic Institute]]</ref> [[Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology]] uses Scheme in its more advanced Programming Language Concepts course.<ref name="rhit">{{Cite web |title=CSSE 304: Programming Language Concepts |url=https://www.rose-hulman.edu/Users/faculty/young/CS-Classes/csse304/syllabus.html |publisher=[[Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology]]}}</ref> [[Brandeis University]]'s core course, Structure and Interpretations of Computer Programs (COSI121b), is also taught exclusively in Scheme by theoretical computer scientist [[Harry Mairson]].<ref name="brandeis">{{Cite web |title=Spring 2021 CS121b Syllabus |url=https://moodle2.brandeis.edu/syllabus/public/1202dcdfe19c0860e226f6447f66875c.pdf |publisher=[[Brandeis University]]}}</ref> [[Indiana University]]'s introductory class, C211, is taught entirely in Scheme. A self-paced version of the course, CS 61AS, continues to use Scheme.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://berkeley-cs61as.github.io/ |title=Home |website=berkeley-cs61as.github.io}}</ref> The introductory computer science courses at [[Yale]] and [[Grinnell College]] are also taught in Scheme.<ref name="yale_cs201">{{Cite web |last=Dana Angluin |date=Fall 2009 |title=Introduction to Computer Science (CPSC 201) |url=http://zoo.cs.yale.edu/classes/cs201/ |access-date=2009-10-20 |publisher=The Zoo, Yale University Computer Science Department}}</ref> Programming Design Paradigms,<ref name="neu2">{{Cite web |date=Fall 2009 |title=Programming Design Paradigms CSG107 Course Readings |url=http://www.ccs.neu.edu/home/matthias/107-f08/readings.html |access-date=2012-08-09 |publisher=Northeastern University College of Computer and Information Science}}</ref> a mandatory course for the Computer science Graduate Students at [[Northeastern University]], also extensively uses Scheme.
The former introductory computer science course at the University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, CSCI 1901, also used Scheme as its primary language, followed by a course that introduced students to the Java language;<ref name="umn">[http://www-users.itlabs.umn.edu/classes/Spring-2010/csci1901/ Structure of Computer Programming I] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100619111110/http://www-users.itlabs.umn.edu/classes/Spring-2010/csci1901/ |date=2010-06-19}}, Computer Science Department, University of Minnesota, Spring 2010 (accessed 2010-01-30).</ref> however, following the example of MIT, the department replaced 1901 with the Python-based CSCI 1133,<ref name="umn2">[https://www.cs.umn.edu/academics/undergraduate/curriculum/required CSci Required Class Course Descriptions and Other Information] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191025145152/https://www.cs.umn.edu/academics/undergraduate/curriculum/required |date=2019-10-25}}, Computer Science Department, University of Minnesota (accessed 2019-10-25)</ref> while functional programming is covered in detail in the third-semester course CSCI 2041.<ref name="umn3">[https://www.csdy.umn.edu/~shield/csecc/minutes/2013-4-23/csci2041.html CSCI 2041—New Course] CSE Curriculum Committee, University of Minnesota (accessed 2019-10-25)</ref>

Scheme is/was also used for the following:

* The [[Document Style Semantics and Specification Language]] (DSSSL), which provides a method of specifying [[SGML]] [[Style sheet (web development)|stylesheet]]s, uses a Scheme subset.<ref name="dsssl">{{Cite web |last=Robin Cover |date=2002-02-25 |title=DSSSL - Document Style Semantics and Specification Language. ISO/IEC 10179:1996 |url=http://xml.coverpages.org/dsssl.html |access-date=2012-08-09 |publisher=Cover Pages}}</ref>
* The well-known [[Open-source software|open source]] [[raster graphics editor]] [[GIMP]] uses [[TinyScheme]] as a [[scripting language]].<ref name="gimp">"''The major scripting language for the GIMP that has been attached to it today is Scheme.''" From {{Cite web |last=Dov Grobgeld |year=2002 |title=The GIMP Basic Scheme Tutorial |url=http://www.gimp.org/tutorials/Basic_Scheme/ |access-date=2012-08-09 |publisher=The GIMP Team}}</ref>
* [[GNU Guile|Guile]] has been adopted by [[GNU]] project as its official scripting language, and that implementation of Scheme is embedded in such applications as [[GNU LilyPond]] and [[GnuCash]] as a scripting language for extensions. Likewise, Guile used to be the scripting language for the [[desktop environment]] [[GNOME]],<ref name="archive_gnomefaq">{{Cite web |last1=Todd Graham Lewis |last2=David Zoll |last3=Julian Missig |year=2002 |title=GNOME FAQ from Internet Archive |url=http://www.gnome.org/gnomefaq/html/x930.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20000522010523/http://www.gnome.org/gnomefaq/html/x930.html |archive-date=2000-05-22 |access-date=2012-08-09 |publisher=The Gnome Team, gnome.org}}</ref> and GNOME still has a project that provides Guile bindings to its library stack.<ref name="live_gnome">{{Cite web |title=guile-gnome |url=https://www.gnu.org/software/guile-gnome/ |access-date=2012-08-09 |publisher=Free Software Foundation}}</ref> There is a project to incorporate Guile into [[GNU Emacs]], GNU's flagship program, replacing the current [[Emacs Lisp]] interpreter.{{Citation needed |reason=Where is the source? |date=May 2019}}
* [[Extension Language Kit|Elk Scheme]] is used by [[Synopsys]] as a scripting language for its [[Technology CAD|technology CAD (TCAD)]] tools.<ref name="tcad">{{Cite web |last=Laurence Brevard |date=2006-11-09 |title=Synopsys MAP-in<sup>SM</sup> Program Update: EDA Interoperability Developers' Forum |url=http://www.synopsys.com/community/interoperability/documents/devforum_pres/2006nov/milkywaysession_mapin_overview.pdf |access-date=2012-08-09 |publisher=Synopsis Inc}}</ref>
* Shiro Kawai, senior programmer on the movie ''[[Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within]]'', used Scheme as a scripting language for managing the real-time rendering engine.<ref name="shiro_kawai">{{Cite journal |last=Kawai |first=Shiro |date=October 2002 |title=Gluing Things Together - Scheme in the Real-time CG Content Production |url=http://practical-scheme.net/docs/ILC2002.html |journal=Proceedings of the First International Lisp Conference, San Francisco |pages=342–348 |access-date=2012-08-09}}</ref>
* [[Google App Inventor]] for [[Android (operating system)|Android]] uses Scheme, where [[Kawa (Scheme implementation)|Kawa]] is used to compile the Scheme code down to bytecodes for the [[Java virtual machine]] running on Android devices.<ref name="android">{{Cite web |last1=Bill Magnuson |last2=Hal Abelson |last3=Mark Friedman |name-list-style=amp |date=2009-08-11 |title=Under the Hood of App Inventor for Android |url=http://googleresearch.blogspot.com/2009/08/under-hood-of-app-inventor-for-android.html |access-date=2012-08-09 |publisher=Google Inc, Official Google Research blog}}</ref>