Editing Challenger Deep (section)

===2017 – RV ''Kexue 3''===
Water samples were collected at Challenger Deep from 11 layers of the Mariana Trench in March 2017. Seawater samples from 4 to 4,000 m were collected by Niskin bottles mounted to a Seabird SBE25 CTDs; whereas water samples at depths from 6,050 m to 8,320 m were collected by a self-designed acoustic-controlled full ocean depth water samplers. In this study, scientists studied the RNA of pico- and nano-plankton from the surface to the hadal zone.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Ruoyu Guo |author2=Yantao Liang |author3=Yu Xin |author4=Long Wang |author5=Shanli Mou |author6=Chunjie Cao |author7=Ruize Xie |author8=Chuanlun Zhang |author9=Jiwei Tian |author10=Yongyu Zhang |display-authors=6 |title=Insight Into the Pico- and Nano-Phytoplankton Communities in the Deepest Biosphere, the Mariana Trench |journal=Frontiers in Microbiology |date=26 September 2018 |volume=9 |page=2289 |doi=10.3389/fmicb.2018.02289|pmid=30319587 |pmc=6168665 |doi-access=free }}</ref>