Editing Color blindness (section)

==Management==
Despite much recent improvement in [[gene therapy for color blindness]], there is currently no FDA approved treatment for any form of CVD, and otherwise no cure for CVD currently exists. Management of the condition by using lenses to alleviate symptoms or smartphone apps to aid with daily tasks is possible.

===Lenses===
{{main|Color blind glasses}}

There are three kinds of lenses that an individual can wear that can increase their accuracy in some color related tasks (although none of these will "''fix''" color blindness or grant the wearer normal color vision):

* A red-tint contact lens worn over the non-dominant eye will leverage [[binocular disparity]] to improve discrimination of some colors. However, it can make other colors more difficult to distinguish. A 1981 review of various studies to evaluate the effect of the X-chrom (one brand) contact lens concluded that, while the lens may allow the wearer to achieve a better score on certain color vision tests, it did not correct color vision in the natural environment.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Siegel IM | title = The X-Chrom lens. On seeing red | journal = Survey of Ophthalmology | volume = 25 | issue = 5 | pages = 312–24 | year = 1981 | pmid = 6971497 | doi = 10.1016/S0039-6257(81)80001-X }}</ref> A case history using the X-Chrom lens for a rod monochromat is reported<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Zeltzer HI | title = Use of modified X-Chrom for relief of light dazzlement and color blindness of a rod monochromat | journal = Journal of the American Optometric Association | volume = 50 | issue = 7 | pages = 813–8 | date = July 1979 | pmid = 315420 }}</ref> and an X-Chrom manual is online.<ref>[https://artoptical.com/lenses/special-lens-designs/x-chrom/ An X-Chrom manual] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150412155316/https://artoptical.com/lenses/special-lens-designs/x-chrom/ |date=2015-04-12 }}. Artoptical.com. Retrieved on 2016-12-10.</ref>
* Tinted glasses (e.g. Pilestone/Colorlite glasses) apply a tint (e.g. magenta) to incoming light that can distort colors in a way that makes some color tasks easier to complete. These glasses can circumvent many [[color vision test]]s, though this is typically not allowed.<ref name=FAA>{{cite journal |last1=Welsh |first1=Kenneth W |title=Aeromedical implications of the X-chrom lens for improving color vision deficiencies |journal=Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine |date=April 1978 |volume=50 |issue=3 |pages=249–255 |publisher=Federal Aviation Administration |location=Oklahoma City |pmid=313209 |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/313209/ |access-date=30 September 2022 |archive-date=30 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220930150022/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/313209/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Glasses with a [[notch filter]] (e.g. [[EnChroma]] glasses) filter a narrow band of light that excites both the L and M cones (yellow–green wavelengths).<ref>{{cite web|last1=Zhou|first1=Li|title=A Scientist Accidentally Developed Sunglasses That Could Correct Color Blindness|url=http://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/scientist-accidentally-developed-sunglasses-that-could-correct-color-blindness-180954456/?no-ist|website=Smithsonian|access-date=6 January 2018|language=en|archive-date=3 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170903071849/http://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/scientist-accidentally-developed-sunglasses-that-could-correct-color-blindness-180954456/?no-ist|url-status=live}}</ref> When combined with an additional stopband in the short wavelength (blue) region, these lenses ''may'' constitute a [[neutral-density filter]] (have no color tint). They improve on the other lens types by causing less distortion of colors and will essentially increase the saturation of some colors. They will only work on trichromats (anomalous or normal), and unlike the other types, do not have a significant effect on Dichromats. The glasses do not significantly increase one's ability on color blind tests.<ref name="Robledo" />

===Aids===
Many mobile and computer applications have been developed to aid color blind individuals in completing color tasks:

* Some applications (e.g. [[color picker]]s) can identify the name (or coordinates within a [[color space]]) of a color on screen or the color of an object by using the device's camera.
* Some applications will make images easier to interpret by the color blind by enhancing color contrast in natural images and/or information graphics. These methods are generally called ''daltonization'' algorithms.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Simon-Liedtke |first1=Joschua Thomas |last2=Farup |first2=Ivar |title=Evaluating color vision deficiency daltonization methods using a behavioral visual-search method |journal=Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation |date=February 2016 |volume=35 |pages=236–247 |doi=10.1016/j.jvcir.2015.12.014|hdl=11250/2461824 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>
* Some applications can simulate color blindness by applying a filter to an image or screen that reduces the gamut of an image to that of a specific type of color blindness. While they do not directly help color blind people, they allow those with normal color vision to understand how the color blind see the world. Their use can help improve inclusive design by allowing designers to simulate their own images to ensure they are accessible to the color blind.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.colourblindawareness.org/colour-blindness/colour-blindness-experience-it/|title=Colour Blindness: Experience it|website=Colour Blind Awareness|language=en-US|access-date=2019-12-11|archive-date=28 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191228204850/http://www.colourblindawareness.org/colour-blindness/colour-blindness-experience-it/|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2003, a cybernetic device called [[eyeborg]] was developed to allow the wearer to hear sounds representing different colors.<ref>Alfredo M. Ronchi: ''Eculture: Cultural Content in the Digital Age.'' Springer (New York, 2009). p. 319 {{ISBN|978-3-540-75273-8}}</ref> Achromatopsic artist [[Neil Harbisson]] was the first to use such a device in early 2004; the eyeborg allowed him to start painting in color by memorizing the sound corresponding to each color. In 2012, at a [[TED Conference]], Harbisson explained how he could now perceive colors outside the ability of human vision.<ref>[http://www.ted.com/talks/neil_harbisson_i_listen_to_color.html "I listen to color"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120812034717/http://www.ted.com/talks/neil_harbisson_i_listen_to_color.html |date=2012-08-12 }}, Neil Harbisson at TED Global, 27 June 2012.</ref>