Editing Northern Pacific Railway (section)

==Further reading==
* {{cite book| last=Armbruster| first=Kurt E.| title=Orphan Road: The Railroad Comes to Seattle, 1853–1911| location=Pullman| publisher=Washington State University Press| year=1999}}
* {{cite book| last=Asay| first=Jeff| title=Union Pacific Northwest; The Oregon-Washington Railroad and Navigation Company| location=Edmonds| publisher=Pacific Fast Mail| year=1991}}
* {{cite book| editor-last=Bryant| editor-first=Keith L. Jr.| title=Encyclopedia of American Business History and Biography, Railroads in the Twentieth Century| location=New York| publisher=Facts on File| year=1990}}
* {{cite book| last1=Budd| first1=Ralph| first2=Howard| last2=Elliott| title=Great Northern and Northern Pacific Review of Operations from 1916 to 1923| location=New York| publisher=Wood, Struthers and Company| year=1927}}
* {{cite book| last=Campbell| first=Edward G.| title=Reorganization of the American Railroad System, 1893–1900| location=New York| publisher=Columbia University Press| year=1938}}
* {{cite book| last1=de Borchgrave| first1=Alexandra Villard| first2=John| last2=Cullen| title=Villard: The Life and Times of an American Titan| year=2001}}
* {{cite book| last=Donnelly| first=Charles| title=Facts About the Northern Pacific Land Grant| location=Saint Paul| publisher=Northern Pacific Railway| year=1924}}
* {{cite book| last=Fredrickson| first=James Merlin| title=Railroad Shutterbug; Jim Fredrickson's Northern Pacific| location=Pullman [Wash.]| publisher=Washington State University Press| year=2000}}
* {{cite book| last=Fredrickson| first=James Merlin| title=Washington State History Train| location=Tacoma| publisher=Washington State Historical Society| year=1995}}
* {{cite book| editor-last=Frey| editor-first=Robert L.| title=Encyclopedia of American Business History and Biography, Railroads in the Nineteenth Century| location=New York| publisher=Facts on File| year=1988}}
* {{cite book| last=Hedges| first=James Blaine| title=Henry Villard and the Railways of the Northwest| location=New Haven| publisher=Yale University Press| year=1930}} [https://archive.org/details/henryvillardrail0000unse/page/n6/mode/1up online]

* Hedges, James B. "The Colonization Work of the Northern Pacific Railroad" ''Mississippi Valley Historical Review'' (1926) 13#3 pp. 311-342 [https://www.jstor.org/stable/1893110 online]
* {{cite book| last1=Hidy| first1=Ralph W.|display-authors=etal| title=The Great Northern Railway, A History| location=Boston| publisher=Harvard Business School Press| year=1988}}
* {{cite book| last=Lewty| first=Peter J.| title=Across the Columbia Plain; Railroad Expansion in the Interior Northwest, 1885–1893| url=https://archive.org/details/acrosscolumbiapl00lewt| url-access=registration| location=Pullman| publisher=Washington State University Press| year=1995}}
* {{cite book| last=Lewty| first=Peter J.| title=To the Columbia Gateway; The Oregon Railway and the Northern Pacific, 1879–1884| location=Pullman| publisher=Washington State University Press| year=1987}}
* {{cite book| last=Macfarlane| first=Robert Stetson| title=Henry Villard and the Northern Pacific| location=New York| publisher=Newcomen Society in North America| year=1954}}
* {{cite book| last=Martin| first=Albro| title=James J. Hill and the Opening of the Northwest| url=https://archive.org/details/jamesjhillope00albr| url-access=registration| location=New York| publisher=Oxford University Press| year=1976}}
* {{cite book| last=Mercer| first=Lloyd J.|title=Railroads and Land Grant Policy: A Study in Government Intervention| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LE_h0jeJEIYC&pg=PA198| year=1982| publisher=Beard Books| pages=198–200| via=Google Books| isbn=9781587981548}}, for statistics on land sales
* {{cite book |last=Nolan |first=Edward W. |title=Northern Pacific views: The railroad photography of F. Jay Haynes, 1876–1905 |publisher=Montana Historical Society Press |location=Helena, MT |year=1983 |isbn=978-0-917298-11-0}}
* {{cite book| last=Oberholtzer| first=Ellis P.| title=Jay Cooke| location=New York| publisher=Augustus M. Kelley| year=1968}}
* {{cite book| last1=Schrenk| first1=Lorenz P.| last2=Frey| first2=Robert L.| title=Northern Pacific Pioneer Steam Era| location=St. Paul [Minn.]| publisher=Monad Publications| year=2010}}
* {{cite book| last1=Schrenk| first1=Lorenz P.| last2=Frey| first2=Robert L.| title=Northern Pacific Classic Steam Era| location=Mukilteo [Wash.]| publisher=Hundman Publishing| year=1997}}
* {{cite book| last1=Schrenk| first1=Lorenz P.| last2=Frey| first2=Robert L.| title=Northern Pacific Railway Supersteam Era 1925–1945| location=San Marino| publisher=Golden West Books| year=1985}}
* {{cite book| last1=Schrenk| first1=Lorenz P.| last2=Frey| first2=Robert L.| title=Northern Pacific Railway Diesel Era 1945–1970| location=San Marino| publisher=Golden West Books| year=1988}}
* {{cite book| last=Smalley| first=Eugene Virgil |title=History of the Northern Pacific Railroad| url=https://archive.org/details/historynorthern00smalgoog| year=1883| publisher=Putnam| via=Internet Archive}}, full text online of early history.
* {{cite book| title=The Back Shop Illustrated, Volume 3: Southeast and Western Regions| author=Starr, Timothy| year=2024| publisher=Privately printed}}
* {{cite book| last=Villard| first=Henry| title=Memoirs of Henry Villard| url=https://archive.org/details/memoirshenryvil00villgoog| location=New York| publisher=Houghton Mifflin| year=1904}}
* {{cite book| last=Wheeler| first=Olin D.| title=The History of a Trade-Mark| location=St. Paul| publisher=Northern Pacific Railway| year=1901| url=https://archive.org/details/historyoftradema00wheerich| via=Archive.org}}
*{{cite book|last=[[Richard White (historian)|White]]|first=Richard|title=Railroaded: The Transcontinentals and the Making of Modern America|publisher=W. W. Norton & Company|date=2011|isbn=978-0-393-06126-0|url=https://archive.org/details/railroadedtransc00whit_0}}
* {{cite book| last=Winks| first=Robin W.| title=Frederick Billings: A Life| url=https://archive.org/details/frederickbilling00wink| url-access=registration| location=New York| publisher=Oxford University Press| year=1991| isbn=978-0-19-506814-6}}

===Primary sources and official sources===
* Campbell, Marius Robinson. ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20061008114447/http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/online_books/geology/publications/bul/611//index.htm Guidebook of the Western United States, Part A: The Northern Pacific Route, with a side trip to Yellowstone Park].'' Washington (D.C.): Government Printing Office, 1915.
*{{Cite book
 | last=Cleland
 | first=Alexander M.
 | year= 1913
 | title= Land of Geysers, Yellowstone National Park
 | place= St. Paul [Minn.]
 | publisher= General Passenger Department, Northern Pacific Railway
 | url= https://archive.org/details/landofgeysersyel00nort}}

*{{Cite book
 | last= Northern Pacific Railway Company.
 | year= 1899
 | title= The Official Northern Pacific Railway guide
 | place= St. Paul, Minn.
 | publisher= W.C. Riley
 | url= https://archive.org/details/officialnorthern00nortrich}}
*{{Cite book
 | last= Northern Pacific Railway Company.
 | year= 1911
 | title= Lewiston-Clarkston and the Clearwater Country, Idaho—Washington
 | publisher= General Passenger Department, Northern Pacific Railway
 | url= https://archive.org/details/lewistonclarksto00nort}}