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Public–private partnership
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=== Public–private–community partnerships=== Public–private partnerships with non-profits and private partners, sometimes called Public–private–community partnerships (PPCPs), are a modified version of the PPP model designed for the needs of [[Third world countries]].<ref name=":5" /> They were notably proposed by the [[Asian Development Bank]] as early as 1991 as an "institutional reform ... to facilitate the participation of individuals, CBOs [community based organizations], other [[Non-governmental organization|NGOs]] and the private sector" so that they become "actively involved in planning and management".<ref>[[Asian Development Bank]] (ADB). 1991. ''The Urban Poor and Basic Infrastructure Services in Asia and the Pacific'', Vol. I. Asian Development Bank: Manila.</ref>
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