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==Bibliography== ===Modern sources=== {{refbegin|30em}} * {{Cite book |last=Alston |first=Richard |title=Aspects of Roman history, AD 14–117 |date=1998 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-203-01187-4 |location=London |url=https://archive.org/details/aspectsofromanhi0000alst/mode/1up |via=Archive.org }} * {{cite book |last=Barrett |first=Anthony A. |title=Caligula: the corruption of power |location=London |publisher=Batsford |year=1989 |isbn=978-0-7134-5487-1 }} * {{cite book |last=Barrett |first=Anthony A.|title=Caligula: the abuse of power |edition=2nd |location=London |publisher=Routledge |year=2015 |isbn=978-1-315-72541-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bwzwBgAAQBAJ }}<!-- the subtitle did change between the first and second editions; this is correct --> * {{cite book |last1=Barrett |first1=Anthony A.|last2=Yardley |first2=John C. |title=The emperor Caligula in the ancient sources |date=2023 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford |doi=10.1093/oso/9780198854562.001.0001 |isbn=978-0-19-885457-9|url=https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198854562.001.0001}} * {{Cite book |last1=Beard |first1=Mary |last2=North |first2=John A. |last3=Price |first3=S.R.F. |title=Religions of Rome: a history |volume=1 |date=1998 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-30401-6 }} * {{Cite book |last=Becker|first=Armin|title=Rom und die Chatten|trans-title=Rome and the Chatti|location=Darmstadt/Marburg|year=1992|publisher=Historische Kommission für Hessen|isbn=3-88443-177-3}} * {{cite journal |last1=Benediktson |first1=D. Thomas |title=Caligula's phobias and philias: fear of seizure?|journal=The Classical Journal |year=1991 |volume=87 |issue=2 |pages=159–163 |issn=0009-8353 |jstor=3297970}} * {{Cite book |last=Gradel |first=Ittai |title=Emperor worship and Roman religion |date=2002 |publisher=Clarendon Press |location=Oxford |isbn=978-0-19-815275-0 |series=Oxford Classical Monographs }} * {{cite book |last1=Mattingly |first1=Harold |author1-link=Harold Mattingly |last2=Sydenham |first2=Edward A. |author2-link=Edward A. Sydenham |last3=Sutherland |first3=C.H.V. |author3-link=C. H. V. Sutherland |title=Roman Imperial Coinage, 31 BC to AD 69 |volume=1 |location=London |publisher=Spink & Son |year=1923–1984 }} * {{Cite book |last=Pollini |first=John |title=From Republic to Empire |date=2012 |publisher=University of Oklahoma Press |isbn=978-0-8061-8816-4}} * {{Cite book |last=Riemer|first=Ulrike |title=Die römische Germanienpolitik von Caesar bis Commodus|trans-title=The Roman policy in Germania from Caesar to Commodus|publisher=Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft|location=Darmstadt|year=2006|isbn=3-534-17438-0}} * {{Cite book |last=Salmon |year=1987 |first=Edward T |title=A History of the Roman World from 30 BC to AD 138 |publisher=Methuen |place=London |isbn=0-416-10710-9 |url=https://archive.org/details/historyofromanwo00salm |author-link=Edward Togo Salmon |via=Archive.org }} * {{Cite journal |last=Sidwell |first=Barbara |date=2010 |title=Gaius Caligula's mental illness |jstor=40599927 |journal=The Classical World |volume=103 |issue=2 |pages=183–206 |doi=10.1353/clw.0.0165 |pmid=20213971 |issn=0009-8418}} * {{Cite journal |last=Simpson |first=C.J. |date=1981 |title=The Cult of the Emperor Gaius |jstor=41532141 |journal=Latomus |volume=40 |issue=3 |pages=489–511 |issn=0023-8856}} * {{cite book |last=Wiedemann |first=T.E.J. |author-link=Thomas Ernst Josef Wiedemann |chapter=Tiberius to Nero |title=The Augustan Empire, 43 BC–AD 69 |series=[[Cambridge Ancient History]] |volume=10 |edition=2nd |date=1996 |editor-first1=Alan K |editor-last1=Bowman |display-editors=et al. |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=0-521-26430-8 |pages=198–255 <!-- |ref={{harvid |CAH<sup>2</sup>|1996}} --> |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JZLW4-wba7UC&pg=PA198 }} * {{Cite book |last=Wilkinson |first=Sam |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hiRAfJdAZSMC |title=Caligula |date=2004 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-134-24693-9 }} * {{Cite book |last=Winterling |first=Aloys |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hR6ZFMLsKpwC |title=Caligula: a biography |date=2011 |publisher=University of California Press |isbn=978-0-520-94314-8 }} * {{Cite journal | last=Zimmermann |first=Markus |title=Caligula am Oberrhein. Ein altbekanntes Zeugnis des Eutrop im Lichte neuerer archäologischer und epigraphischer Forschungen|trans-title=Caligula on the Upper Rhine. A well-known testimony of Eutrop in the light of recent archaeological and epigraphic research|journal=Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft|volume=21|year=2018|pages=101–115|doi=10.14628/GFA_021_2018_A05 |url=https://doi.org/10.14628/GFA_021_2018_A05}} {{Refend}} ===Ancient sources=== {{Refbegin}} *{{Cite book|author=[[Philo]]|title=Various works|translator=[[Charles Duke Yonge]]|publisher=[[Loeb Classical Library]]|year=1855|ref={{sfnref|Philo}}|orig-date={{circa}} 38 AD}} **''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/On_the_Embassy_to_Gaius On the Embassy to Gaius]'' **''[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Flaccus Flaccus]'' **''[http://www.stoics.com/seneca_essays_book_1.html On Firmness]'' **''[http://www.stoics.com/seneca_essays_book_1.html On Anger]'' **''[http://www.stoics.com/seneca_essays_book_2.html On Tranquility of Mind]'' **''[http://www.stoics.com/seneca_essays_book_2.html On the Shortness of Life]'' *{{Cite book|author=[[Lucius Annaeus Seneca the Younger]]|title=Essays|translator=Aubrey Stewart|publisher=[[Loeb Classical Library]]|year=1932|ref={{sfnref|Seneca the Younger}}|orig-date=1st century|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Seneca}} *{{Cite book|author=[[Gaius Plinius Secundus]]|title=[[Natural History (Pliny)|Natural History]] |translator=H. Rackham |translator2=W.H.S. Jones |translator3=D.E. Eichholz|publisher=[[Harvard University Press]]|year=1961|ref={{sfnref|Pliny the Elder}}|orig-date={{circa}} 77 AD}} *{{Cite book|author=[[Josephus]]|chapter=Chapters XVIII–XIX|title=[[Antiquities of the Jews]]|translator=[[William Whiston]]|publisher=[[Harvard University Press]]|year=1737|ref={{sfnref|Josephus}}|orig-date={{circa}} 96 AD|chapter-url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Antiquities_of_the_Jews/Book_XVIII}} *{{Cite book|author=[[Publius Cornelius Tacitus]]|title=[[The Annals]]|translator=Frederick W. Shipley|publisher=[[Loeb Classical Library]]|year=1924|url=|ref={{sfnref|Tacitus}}|orig-date={{circa}} 110 AD}} *{{Cite book |author=[[Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus]] |chapter=Life of Augustus |chapter-url=https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Suetonius/12Caesars/Augustus*.html |title=[[The Twelve Caesars]] |translator=[[John Carew Rolfe]]|publisher=[[Loeb Classical Library]] |year=1914 |url= |ref={{sfnref|Suet. ''Aug.''}}|orig-date={{circa}} 121 AD}} *{{Cite book |author=[[Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus]] |chapter=Life of Tiberius |chapter-url=https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Suetonius/12Caesars/Tiberius*.html |title=[[The Twelve Caesars]] |translator=[[John Carew Rolfe]]|publisher=[[Loeb Classical Library]] |year=1914 |url= |ref={{sfnref|Suet. ''Tib.''}}|orig-date={{circa}} 121 AD}} *{{Cite book|author=[[Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus]]|chapter=Life of Caligula|chapter-url=https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Suetonius/12Caesars/Caligula*.html|title=[[The Twelve Caesars]]|translator=[[John Carew Rolfe]]|publisher=[[Loeb Classical Library]]|year=1914|url=|ref={{sfnref|Suet. ''Calig.''}}|orig-date={{circa}} 121 AD}} *{{Cite book|author=[[Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus]]|chapter=Life of Claudius|chapter-url=https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Suetonius/12Caesars/Claudius*.html|title=[[The Twelve Caesars]]|translator=[[John Carew Rolfe]]|publisher=[[Loeb Classical Library]]|year=1914|url=|ref={{sfnref|Suet. ''Claud.''}}|orig-date={{circa}} 121 AD}} *{{Cite book|author=[[Lucius Cassius Dio]]|chapter=Book 59|chapter-url=https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Cassius_Dio/59*.html|title=[[Roman History (Cassius Dio)|Roman History]]|translator=Earnest Cary|publisher=[[Loeb Classical Library]]|year=1927|ref={{sfnref|Cassius Dio}}|orig-date={{circa}} 230}} {{Refend}}
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