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Caliphate
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=== Opposition === Scholar [[Olivier Roy (professor)|Olivier Roy]] writes that "early on, Islamists replace the concept of the caliphate ... with that of the emir." There were a number of reasons including "that according to the classical authors, a caliph must be a member of the tribe of the Prophet (the Quraysh) ... moreover, caliphs ruled societies that the Islamists do not consider to have been Islamic (the Ottoman Empire)."<ref>Roy, Olivier, ''Failure of Islamism,'' Harvard University Press, (1994) pp. 42β43</ref> This is not the view of the majority of Islamist groups, as both the Muslim Brotherhood and Hizb ut-Tahrir view the Ottoman state as a caliphate.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ikhwanweb.com/Article.asp?ID=967&SectionID=91 |title=The Muslim Brotherhood And Copts, Historical Perspective |publisher=Ikhwanweb.com |access-date=5 June 2011 |archive-date=18 March 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090318164625/http://www.ikhwanweb.com/Article.asp?ID=967&SectionID=91 |url-status=live}}</ref>{{ssn|date=November 2024}}<ref>{{cite news |last=Bieliauskas |first=Hana |url=http://www.newstatesman.com/200704170005 |title=Campus Radicals β Hizb-ut Tahrir |work=[[New Statesman]] |date=17 April 2007 |access-date=17 January 2008 |archive-date=5 January 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080105041332/http://www.newstatesman.com/200704170005 |url-status=live}}</ref>{{better source needed|date=November 2024}}
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