Editing Croatia (section)

=== Arts, literature, and music===
{{main|Croatian art|Architecture of Croatia|Croatian literature|Croatian music}}
{{multiple image
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| image1            = Peristyle, Split 2.jpg
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| caption1          = Historical nucleus of [[Split, Croatia|Split]] with the 4th-century [[Diocletian's Palace]] was inscribed on the [[UNESCO]] list of [[World Heritage Site]]s in 1979.
| image2            = EuphrasiusBasilika.jpg
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| caption2          = [[Euphrasian Basilica]] in [[Poreč]], example of early [[Byzantine architecture]], on the [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage List]] since 1997
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Architecture in Croatia reflects influences of bordering nations. Austrian and Hungarian influence is visible in public spaces and buildings in the north and the central regions, architecture found along coasts of Dalmatia and Istria exhibits Venetian influence.<ref>{{cite book|title=A short history of Yugoslavia from early times to 1966|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press|CUP Archive]]|isbn=978-0-521-09531-0|first1=Stephen|last1=Clissold|author2=Henry Clifford Darby|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_G43AAAAIAAJ|year=1968|pages=51–52|access-date=30 November 2011}}</ref> Squares named after culture heroes, parks, and pedestrian-only zones, are features of Croatian towns and cities, especially where large scale [[Baroque architecture|Baroque]] urban planning took place, for instance in Osijek ([[Tvrđa]]), Varaždin, and Karlovac.<ref name="Telegraph-Baroque">{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destinations/europe/croatia/10124483/Varazdin-Croatias-little-Vienna.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destinations/europe/croatia/10124483/Varazdin-Croatias-little-Vienna.html |archive-date=10 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Varaždin: Croatia's 'little Vienna'|date=17 June 2013|last=MacGregor|first=Sandra|newspaper=[[Telegraph Media Group]]|access-date=4 September 2013}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref name="JL-Karlovac-Baroque">{{cite news|newspaper=Jutarnji list|url=http://www.jutarnji.hr/najljepsi-gradovi-sjeverne-hrvatske---karlovac--ozalj--ogulin/877654/| title= Najljepši gradovi Sjeverne Hrvatske – Karlovac, Ozalj, Ogulin|trans-title=The Most Beautiful Cities of the Northern Croatia – Karlovac, Ozalj, Ogulin|language=hr|date=14 August 2010|access-date=10 October 2011}}</ref> The subsequent influence of the [[Art Nouveau]] was reflected in contemporary architecture.<ref name="IPU-Art-Nouveau">{{cite journal|journal=Radovi Instituta Za Povijest Umjetnosti|issn=0350-3437|publisher=Institute of Art History (Croatia)|language=hr|url=http://www.hart.hr/uploads/documents/354.pdf|author=Darja Radović Mahečić|title=Sekvenca secesije – arhitekt Lav Kalda|trans-title=Sequence of the Art Nouveau – Architect Lav Kalda|year=2006|volume=30|pages=241–264|access-date=10 October 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721100230/http://www.hart.hr/uploads/documents/354.pdf|archive-date=21 July 2011}}</ref> The architecture is the Mediterranean with a Venetian and Renaissance influence in major coastal urban areas exemplified in works of [[Giorgio da Sebenico]] and [[Nicolas of Florence]] such as the [[Šibenik Cathedral|Cathedral of St. James]] in Šibenik. The oldest preserved examples of Croatian architecture are the 9th-century churches, with the largest and the most representative among them being [[Church of St. Donatus]] in [[Zadar]].<ref name="MVPEI-Art">{{cite web|publisher=Ministry of Foreign Affairs and European Integration (Croatia) |url=http://www.mfa.hr/MVP.asp?pcpid=1467 |title=Croatian Art History – Overview of Prehistory |access-date=10 October 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111007184122/http://www.mfa.hr/MVP.asp?pcpid=1467 |archive-date=7 October 2011}}</ref><ref name="TZZadar-Donat">{{cite web|publisher=Zadar Tourist Board|url=http://www.tzzadar.hr/en/city-guide/historical-monuments/23-05-2007/church-of-saint-donat|title=Church of Saint Donat|access-date=10 October 2011|archive-date=24 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140324042000/http://www.tzzadar.hr/en/city-guide/historical-monuments/23-05-2007/church-of-saint-donat|url-status=dead}}</ref>
[[File:Marco Marulo 1903 Ljetopis društva hrvatskih književnika za 1900-1903.jpg|upright|left|thumb|[[Marko Marulić]] (18 August 1450 – 5 January 1524), Croatian poet, lawyer, judge, and Renaissance humanist who coined the term "[[psychology]]". He is the [[national poet]] of Croatia.]]
Besides the architecture encompassing the oldest artworks, there is a history of artists in Croatia reaching the Middle Ages. In that period the stone portal of the [[Trogir Cathedral]] was made by [[Radovan (master)|Radovan]], representing the most important monument of [[Romanesque art|Romanesque]] sculpture from [[Croatia in the union with Hungary|Medieval Croatia]]. The [[Renaissance in Croatia|Renaissance]] had the greatest impact on the Adriatic Sea coast since the remainder was embroiled in the Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War. With the waning of the Ottoman Empire, art flourished during the [[Baroque]] and [[Rococo]]. The 19th and 20th centuries brought affirmation of numerous Croatian artisans, helped by several patrons of the arts such as bishop [[Josip Juraj Strossmayer]].<ref name="Essehist-Strossmayer">{{cite journal|journal=Essehist|publisher=[[University of Osijek]] – Faculty of Philosophy|issn=1847-6236|date=September 2011|volume=2|url=http://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?show=clanak&id_clanak_jezik=95675|title=Josip Juraj Strossmayer – Rođeni Osječanin|trans-title=Josip Juraj Strossmayer – Native of Osijek|language=hr|pages=70–73|first=Pavao|last=Nujić|access-date=10 October 2011}}</ref> Croatian artists of the period achieving renown were [[Vlaho Bukovac]], [[Ivan Meštrović]], and [[Ivan Generalić]].<ref name="MVPEI-Art"/><ref name=":0">{{cite book|last=Hintz|first=Martin|title=Croatia: Enchantment of the World|publisher=[[Scholastic Corporation|Scholastic]]|year=2004|isbn=0-516-24253-9|pages=105–107}}</ref>

The Baška tablet, a stone inscribed with the [[glagolitic alphabet]] found on the Krk island and dated to {{Circa|1100}}, is considered to be the oldest surviving prose in Croatian.<ref name="KRK-Baška">{{cite web|publisher=Island of Krk Tourist Board|url=http://www.krk.hr/en/offer/attractions/the_baska_tablet|title=The Baška tablet|access-date=13 October 2011|archive-date=2 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502052935/http://www.krk.hr/en/offer/attractions/the_baska_tablet|url-status=dead}}</ref> The beginning of more vigorous development of Croatian literature is marked by the Renaissance and [[Marko Marulić]]. Besides Marulić, Renaissance playwright [[Marin Držić]], Baroque poet [[Ivan Gundulić]], [[Croatian national revival]] poet [[Ivan Mažuranić]], novelist, playwright, and poet [[August Šenoa]], children's writer [[Ivana Brlić-Mažuranić]], writer and journalist [[Marija Jurić Zagorka]], poet and writer [[Antun Gustav Matoš]], poet [[Antun Branko Šimić]], [[expressionist]] and [[Realism (arts)|realist]] writer [[Miroslav Krleža]], poet [[Tin Ujević]] and novelist, and short story writer [[Ivo Andrić]] are often cited as the greatest figures in Croatian literature.<ref name="LZMK">{{cite web|publisher=[[Miroslav Krleža Institute of Lexicography]]|url=http://www.lzmk.hr/hr/vijesti-zavoda/iz-medija/524-hrvatska-knjizevnost-u-270000-redaka-vjesnik|date=11 February 2011|language=hr|title=Hrvatska književnost u 270.000 redaka|trans-title=Croatian Literature in 270,000 Lines|access-date=13 October 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111217062534/http://www.lzmk.hr/hr/vijesti-zavoda/iz-medija/524-hrvatska-knjizevnost-u-270000-redaka-vjesnik|archive-date=17 December 2011}}</ref><ref name="NYT-Readerguide">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/04/18/books/a-reader-s-guide-to-the-balkans.html|title= A Reader's Guide to the Balkans|first=Robert D.|last=Kaplan|date=18 April 1993|newspaper=The New York Times}}</ref>

Croatian music varies from classical operas to modern-day rock. [[Vatroslav Lisinski]] created the country's first opera, ''Love and Malice'', in 1846. [[Ivan Zajc]] composed more than a thousand pieces of music, including masses and oratorios. Pianist [[Ivo Pogorelić]] has performed across the world.<ref name=":0" />