Editing Muhammad (section)

==Household==
{{Further|Muhammad's wives|Ahl al-Bayt}}
[[File:Mrs Aisha room.jpg|thumb|The tomb of Muhammad is located in the quarters of his third wife, [[Aisha]] ([[Prophet's Mosque]], Medina).]]

Muhammad's life is traditionally defined into two periods: [[Muhammad in Mecca|pre-hijra in Mecca]] (570–622), and [[Muhammad in Medina|post-hijra in Medina]] (622–632). Muhammad is said to have had thirteen wives in total (although two have ambiguous accounts, [[Rayhana bint Zayd]] and [[Maria al-Qibtiyya]], as wife or concubine{{efn|See for example Marco Schöller, ''Banu Qurayza'', [[Encyclopedia of the Quran]] mentioning the differing accounts of the status of [[Rayhana]]}}<ref name="Stowasser">Barbara Freyer Stowasser, ''Wives of the Prophet'', [[Encyclopedia of the Quran]].</ref>).

At the age of 25, Muhammad married the wealthy Khadija who was 40 years old.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Subhani |first=Jafar |title=The Message |publisher=Ansariyan Publications, Qom |chapter=Chapter 9 |chapter-url=http://www.al-islam.org/message |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101007221418/http://www.al-islam.org/message/ |archive-date=7 October 2010 |url-status=live}}</ref> The marriage lasted for 25&nbsp;years and was a happy one.{{sfn|Esposito|1998|p=18}} Muhammad did not enter into marriage with another woman during this marriage.<ref>{{cite book|first1=Vern L.|last1=Bullough|page=119|title=The Subordinated Sex: A History of Attitudes Toward Women|date=1988|isbn=9780820310022|publisher=University of Georgia Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=84zfPwAACAAJ|first2=Brenda Kurtz|last2=Shelton|last3=Slavin|first3=Sarah}}</ref>{{sfn|Reeves|2003|p=46}} After Khadija's death, Khawla bint Hakim suggested to Muhammad that he should marry [[Sawdah bint Zam'ah]], a Muslim widow, or [[Aisha]], daughter of [[Umm Ruman]] and [[Abu Bakr]] of Mecca. Muhammad is said to have asked for arrangements to marry both.<ref name="Watt">Watt, ''Aisha'', [[Encyclopaedia of Islam]].</ref> According to classical sources, Muhammad married Aisha when she was 6–7 years old; the marriage was consummated later, when she was 9 years old and he was 53 years old.<ref>See:
*{{harvnb|Nagel|2020|p=301}}
*{{harvnb|Kloppenborg|Hanegraaff|2018|p=89}}
*{{harvnb|Rodinson|2021|pp=150–151}}
*{{harvnb|Forward|1997|pp=88–89}}
*{{harvnb|Peterson|2007|pp=96–97}}
*{{harvnb|Brown|2011|pp=76–77}}
*{{harvnb|Phipps|2016|p=142}}
*{{harvnb|Morgan|2009|p=134}}
*{{harvnb|El-Azhari|2019|pp=24–25}}
*{{harvnb|Anthony|2020|p=115}}</ref>

Muhammad performed household chores such as preparing food, sewing clothes, and repairing shoes. He is also said to have had accustomed his wives to dialogue; he listened to their advice, and the wives debated and even argued with him.{{sfn|Ramadan|2007|pp=168–169}}<ref>{{cite book|first=Asma|last=Barlas|author-link=Asma Barlas|date=2002|page=125|title="Believing Women" in Islam: Unreading Patriarchal Interpretations of the Qur'an|publisher=University of Texas Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nGKMCgAAQBAJ|isbn=9780292709041}}</ref>

Khadija is said to have had four daughters with Muhammad ([[Ruqayya bint Muhammad]], [[Umm Kulthum bint Muhammad]], [[Zainab bint Muhammad]], [[Fatimah Zahra]]) and two sons ([[Qasim ibn Muhammad]] and [[Abd Allah ibn Muhammad]], who both died in childhood). All but one of his daughters, Fatimah, died before him.<ref name="Awde2000" /> Some Shia scholars contend that Fatimah was Muhammad's only daughter.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ecAXtwAACAAJ|last=Ordoni|first=Abu-Muhammad|editor-first=Muhammad Sadeq|editor-last=Rahmati|date=1987|pages=32, 42–44|publisher=Ansariyan Publications|title=Fatima the Gracious}}</ref> [[Maria al-Qibtiyya]] bore him a son named [[Ibrahim ibn Muhammad]], who died at two years old.<ref name="Awde2000">{{cite book|first1=Nicholas|last1=Awde|date=2003|page=24|title=A History of the Islamic World|first2=Fred James|last2=Hill|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9S0XAQAAIAAJ|isbn=9780781810159|publisher=Hippocrene Books}}</ref>

Nine of Muhammad's wives survived him.<ref name="Stowasser" /> Aisha, who became known as Muhammad's favorite wife in Sunni tradition, survived him by decades and was instrumental in helping assemble the scattered sayings of Muhammad that form the hadith literature for the Sunni branch of Islam.<ref name="Watt" />

[[Zayd ibn Haritha]] was a slave that Khadija gave to Muhammad. He was bought by her nephew [[Hakim ibn Hizam]] at the market in [[Ukaz, Arabia|Ukaz]].{{sfn|Bearman et al.|2002|p=475}} Zayd then became the couple's adopted son, but was later disowned when Muhammad was about to marry Zayd's ex-wife, [[Zaynab bint Jahsh]].{{sfn|Powers|2014|pp=100-101}} According to a BBC summary, "the Prophet Muhammad did not try to abolish slavery, and bought, sold, captured, and owned slaves himself. But he insisted that slave owners treat their slaves well and stressed the virtue of freeing slaves. Muhammad treated slaves as human beings and clearly held some in the highest esteem".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Slavery in Islam |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/history/slavery_1.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170624234057/http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/history/slavery_1.shtml |archive-date=24 June 2017 |access-date=16 April 2016 |publisher=BBC}}</ref>