Editing Product placement (section)

===United States===
Much of U.S. [[broadcast law]] pertaining to on-air product promotion dates to the [[payola]] scandals of 1950s broadcast radio. An investigation launched in November 1959 into allegations that some radio disc jockeys had accepted [[bribe]]s in return for radio airplay<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.redorbit.com/news/technology/243496/payola_scandal_again_rocking_roiling_radio_fcc_scrutiny_recalls_59/index.html |title=Payola Scandal Again Rocking, Roiling Radio: FCC Scrutiny Recalls '59 Charges |date=September 19, 2005 |website=redorbit.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110917095931/http://www.redorbit.com/news/technology/243496/payola_scandal_again_rocking_roiling_radio_fcc_scrutiny_recalls_59/index.html |archive-date=September 17, 2011 |url-status=dead |access-date=November 7, 2018 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> ended with a US$2,500 fine for disc jockey [[Alan Freed]] (of [[WABC (AM)|WABC]] and [[WINS (AM)|WINS]]) for violating [[commercial bribery]] laws. On September 13, 1960, the U.S. government banned payola in broadcasting. Under {{UnitedStatesCode|47|317}} "All matter broadcast by any radio station for which money, service, or other valuable consideration is directly or indirectly paid, or promised to or charged or accepted by, the station so broadcasting, from any person, shall, at the time the same is so broadcast, be announced as paid for or furnished, as the case may be, by such person..." with similar and related provisions reflected in [[Federal Communications Commission]] regulations as {{CodeFedReg|47|73|1212}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cfr.vlex.com/vid/73-1212-sponsorship-identification-retention-19852479|title=CFR TITLE 47 PART 73.1212 - Sponsorship identification|work=vLex|access-date=March 1, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090304203009/http://cfr.vlex.com/vid/73-1212-sponsorship-identification-retention-19852479|archive-date=March 4, 2009|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}}</ref>

These provisions have governed subsequent payola investigations, including a 2005 investigation into [[Sony BMG]] and other major record companies.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.indyweek.com/indyweek/smash-hits/Content?oid=1195395 |title=Smash hits Will the latest payola scandal shake up the radio and music industries? |last=Morgan |first=Fiona |date=August 10, 2005 |website=indyweek.com |access-date=November 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019234039/https://www.indyweek.com/indyweek/smash-hits/Content?oid=1195395 |archive-date=October 19, 2017 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}</ref>

Often, a broadcaster claimed to have complied by placing an acknowledgement in an inconspicuous place, such as embedded within the credits.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/05/24/AR2005052401294.html |title=FCC Panelist Wants Probe Of Product 'Payola' |last=Kurtz |first=Howard |date=May 25, 2005 |website=washingtonpost.com |access-date=November 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180430134822/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/05/24/AR2005052401294.html |archive-date=April 30, 2018 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}</ref> In 2005 [[U.S. Federal Communications Commission]] commissioner Jonathan Adelstein stated "if broadcasters and [[cable TV]] companies insist on further commercializing new and other shows alike, that is their business. But if they do so without disclosing it to the viewing public, that is payola, and that is the FCC's business."<ref>[http://www.allbusiness.com/government/government-bodies-offices/6321149-1.html FCC's Adelstein: Probe 'Payola'], Ted Hearn, Multichannel News, May 30, 2005</ref>