Editing Public broadcasting (section)

==== Poland ====
{{update|section|date=December 2024}} {{refimprove|section|date=December 2024}}

[[Polskie Radio]] was seen to be the last remaining form of public broadcasting as [[Telewizja Polska]] (TVP) has been seen as [[state media]] during the [[Law and Justice (Poland)|PiS government]] by various press freedom organisations due its strong bias in favour of the ruling party, with [[Reporters Without Borders]] calling it a government mouthpiece.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kalan |first=Dariusz |date=2019-11-25 |title=Poland's State of the Media |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/11/25/poland-public-television-law-and-justice-pis-mouthpiece/ |access-date=2023-08-07 |website=Foreign Policy |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-06-02 |title=Poland {{!}} RSF |url=https://rsf.org/en/country/poland |access-date=2023-08-07 |website=rsf.org |language=en}}</ref>

[[Polskie Radio]] operates four nationwide radio channels (which are also available via the broadcaster's website). There are also 17 public radio stations broadcasting in particular regions. Polish Radio (and TVP) are funded from several sources: state funding, advertising, obligatory tax on all TV and radio receivers, and money from authors/copyright associations. The public broadcaster offers a mix of commercial shows and programmes they are, by law, required to broadcast (i.e., non-commercial, niche programmes; programmes for children; programmes promoting different points of view and diversity; programmes for different religious and national groups; live coverage of the parliament's session on its dedicated channel: TVP Parlament; etc.). It has to be politically neutral, although in the past there have been cases of political pressure on TVP and Polskie Radio from the governing party. Recently, a new law has been passed by the ruling Law & Justice party, that in public perception allowed the party to take a much larger control over the media that has been possible before. The party states this law to be the first step to a complete public media overdo. Many worry no such improvements are actually coming and that these recent laws are only another step in taking control over the whole country by the Law & Justice party.

There is an ongoing debate in Poland about the semi-commercial nature of TVP and PR. Many people fear that making them into totally non-commercial broadcasters would result in the licence fee payable by households being increased, and fewer people being interested in programmes they offer; others say that TVP in particular is too profit-driven and should concentrate on programming that benefits the society.