Editing Gothic architecture (section)

==University Gothic==
{{Redirect|University Gothic|North American university Gothic architecture|Collegiate Gothic}}
[[File:Fachada de la Universidad de Salamanca.jpg|thumb|[[Plateresque]] façade, [[University of Salamanca]] (late 15th century)]]
The Gothic style was adopted in the late 13th to 15th centuries in early English university buildings, with inspiration coming from monasteries and manor houses.{{Sfn|Watkin|1986|p=157}}{{sfn|Martin|Highfield|1997}}{{page needed|date=August 2020}} The oldest existing example in England is probably the [[Mob Quad]] of [[Merton College]] at [[Oxford University]], constructed between 1288 and 1378.{{sfn|Martin|Highfield|1997|p=101}}

The style was further refined by [[William of Wykeham]], Chancellor of England and founder of [[New College, Oxford]], in 1379. His architect, [[William Wynford]], designed the New College quadrangle in the 1380s, which combined a hall, chapel, library, and residences for Fellows and undergraduates.{{Sfn|Watkin|1986|p=157}} A similar kind of academic cloister was created at [[Queen's College, Oxford]], in the 1140s, likely designed by [[Reginald Ely]].{{Sfn|Watkin|1986|p=157}}
 
The design of the colleges was influenced not only by abbeys, but also the design of English manor houses of the 14th and 15th century, such as [[Haddon Hall]] in [[Derbyshire]]. They were composed of rectangular courtyards with covered walkways which separated the wings. Some colleges, like [[Balliol College, Oxford]], borrowed a military style from Gothic castles, with [[battlements]] and crenelated walls.{{Sfn|Watkin|1986|p=157}}

[[King's College Chapel, Cambridge]] is one of the finest examples of the late Gothic style. It was built by King [[Henry VI of England|Henry VI]], who was displeased by the excessive decoration of earlier styles. He wrote in 1447 that he wanted his chapel "to proceed in large form, clean and substantial, setting apart superfluity of too great curious works of entail and busy moulding."{{Sfn|Watkin|1986|p=154}} The chapel, built between 1508 and 1515, has glass walls from floor to ceiling, rising to spreading fan vaults designed by [[John Wastell]]. The glass walls are supported by large external buttresses concealed at the base by side chapels.{{Sfn|Watkin|1986|p=154}}

Other European examples include [[Collegio di Spagna]] in the [[University of Bologna]], built during the 14th and 15th centuries; the [[Karolinum|Collegium Carolinum]] of the [[Charles University in Prague]] in the Czech Republic ({{Circa|1400}}); the [[University of Salamanca|Escuelas mayores]] of the [[University of Salamanca]] in Spain; and the [[Collegium Maius]] of the [[Jagiellonian University]] in [[Kraków]], Poland.

<gallery widths="200" heights="150">
File:Merton College, Oxford (Mob Quad).jpg|[[Mob Quad]] of [[Merton College]], [[Oxford University]] (1288–1378)
File:Balliol front quad.jpg|[[Balliol College, Oxford]], front quad, with decorative battlements (1431)
File:Cambridge King's College Chapel Vault.jpg|Fan vaults and glass walls of [[King's College Chapel, Cambridge]] (1508–1515)
File:Praha Karolinum výklenek 1.jpg|Gothic oriel window, [[Karolinum]], [[Charles University]], Prague ({{Circa|1380}})
File:Kraków - Collegium Maius - Dziedziniec 02.jpg|Cloister, [[Collegium Maius, Kraków]] (late 15th century) 
</gallery>