Editing Wireless sensor network (section)

=== Security ===
Infrastructure-less architecture (i.e. no gateways are included, etc.) and inherent requirements (i.e. unattended working environment, etc.) of WSNs might pose several weak points that attract adversaries. Therefore, [[Computer security|security]] is a big concern when WSNs are deployed for special applications such as military and healthcare. Owing to their unique characteristics, traditional security methods of [[computer network]]s would be useless (or less effective) for WSNs. Hence, lack of security mechanisms would cause intrusions towards those networks. These intrusions need to be detected and mitigation methods should be applied.

There have been important innovations in securing wireless sensor networks. Most wireless embedded networks use omni-directional  antennas and therefore neighbors can overhear communication in and out of nodes. This was used this to develop a primitive called "''local monitoring''"<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Khalil|first1=Issa|last2=Bagchi Saurabh|last3=Shroff|first3=N.B.|title=2005 International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks (DSN'05) |chapter=LITEWORP: A Lightweight Countermeasure for the Wormhole Attack in Multihop Wireless Networks |date=2005|chapter-url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1467835/;jsessionid=uTueYYCfo53VLLpCtnVIEiKbsdRLNoemV84PvINsBCUpJ-gq63t-!-1069638242|pages=612–621|doi=10.1109/DSN.2005.58|isbn=0-7695-2282-3|s2cid=2018708}}</ref> which was used for detection  of sophisticated attacks, like blackhole or wormhole, which degrade the  throughput of large networks to close-to-zero. This primitive has since been  used by many researchers and commercial wireless packet sniffers. This was subsequently refined for more sophisticated attacks such as with  collusion, mobility,  and multi-antenna, multi-channel devices.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Mitchell|first1=Robert|last2=Chen|first2=Ing-Ray|date=2014-04-01|title=A survey of intrusion detection in wireless network applications|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140366414000280|journal=Computer Communications|language=en|volume=42|pages=1–23|doi=10.1016/j.comcom.2014.01.012|issn=0140-3664}}</ref>