Editing Caliphate (section)

=== Quran ===
The [[Quran]] uses the term ''khalifa'' twice. First, in Surah [[Al-Baqara]] {{qref|2|30|pl=y}}, it refers to [[God in Islam|God]] creating humanity as his ''khalifa'' on Earth. Second, in Surah [[Sad (sura)|Sad]] {{qref|38|26|pl=y}}, it addresses King [[David in Islam|David]] as God's ''khalifa ''and reminds him of his obligation to rule with justice.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Islam: A Brief History |last=Sonn |first=Tamara |publisher=[[Wiley-Blackwell]] |year=2010 |isbn=978-1-4051-8094-8 |page=38 |author-link=Tamara Sonn |edition=2nd}}</ref>{{Quran}}

In addition, the following excerpt from the Quran, known as the 'Istikhlaf Verse', is used by some to argue for a Quranic basis for a caliphate:
{{blockquote|Allah has promised those of you who believe and do good that He will certainly make them ''successors'' in the land, as He did with those before them; and will surely establish for them their faith which He has chosen for them; and will indeed change their fear into security—˹provided that˺ they worship Me, associating nothing with Me. But whoever disbelieves after this ˹promise˺, it is they who will be the rebellious.|{{qref|24|55|c=y}}}}

Several schools of jurisprudence and thought within Sunni Islam argue that to govern a state by [[Sharia]] is, by definition, to rule via the caliphate and use the following verses to sustain their claim.
{{blockquote|And judge between them ˹O Prophet˺ by what Allah has revealed, and do not follow their desires. And beware, so they do not lure you away from some of what Allah has revealed to you. If they turn away ˹from Allah's judgment˺, then know that it is Allah's Will to repay them for some of their sins, and that many people are indeed rebellious.|{{qref|5|49|c=y}}}}
{{blockquote|O believers! Obey Allah and obey the Messenger and those in authority among you. Should you disagree on anything, then refer it to Allah and His Messenger, if you ˹truly˺ believe in Allah and the Last Day. This is the best and fairest resolution.|{{qref|4|59|c=y}}}}