Editing Jamaica (section)

===Energy===
{{see also|Solar power in Jamaica}}
[[File:Jamaica electricity production.svg|thumb|Jamaica electricity production by source]]
[[File:Jamaica renewable electricity production.svg|thumb|Jamaica renewable electricity production by source]]

Jamaica depends on petroleum imports to satisfy its national energy needs.<ref name=WorldFactbook/> Many test sites have been explored for oil, but no commercially viable quantities have been found.<ref name="pcj.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.pcj.com/industry_stat.htm |archive-url=https://archive.today/20010203232100/http://www.pcj.com/industry_stat.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=3 February 2001 |title=Petroleum Corp of Jamaica, Petroleum Industry Statistics |access-date=21 July 2007}}</ref> The most convenient sources of imported oil and motor fuels (diesel, gasoline, and jet fuel) are from [[Mexico]] and [[Venezuela]].

Jamaica's electrical power is produced by diesel ([[Bunker fuel|bunker oil]]) generators located in [[Old Harbour, Jamaica|Old Harbour]]. This facility has been further equipped with liquid natural gas capability and storage. Other smaller power stations (most owned by the Jamaica Public Service Company,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.myjpsco.com/ |title=Jamaica Public Service Company |access-date=1 January 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110107125651/http://www.myjpsco.com/ |archive-date=7 January 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> the island's electricity provider) support the island's electrical grid including the Hunts Bay Power Station, the Bogue Power Station [[Saint James Parish, Jamaica|Saint James]], the Rockfort Power Station [[Saint Andrew Parish, Jamaica|Saint Andrew]] and small hydroelectric plants on the White River, Rio Bueno, Morant River, Black River (Maggotty) and Roaring River.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.myjpsco.com/about_us/power_plants.php |title=JPS – JPS' Power Plants |access-date=1 January 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101202075147/http://www.myjpsco.com/about_us/power_plants.php |archive-date=2 December 2010}}</ref> A wind farm, owned by the Petroleum Corporation of Jamaica, was established at Wigton, [[Manchester Parish|Manchester]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wwfja.com |title=Wigton Wind Farm Company |access-date=25 March 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080417201155/http://www.wwfja.com/ |archive-date=17 April 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Jamaica has successfully operated a [[SLOWPOKE reactor|SLOWPOKE-2 nuclear reactor]] of 20&nbsp;kW capacity since the early 1980s.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/non-power-nuclear-applications/radioisotopes-research/research-reactors |title=Research Reactors |date=21 May 2024 | website=world-nuclear.org |access-date=21 October 2024}}</ref>
In 2024, the Government committed to adding [[small modular reactors]] (SMR) to the country's energy mix, signing a [[memorandum of understanding]] (MOU) with [[Atomic Energy of Canada Limited]] (AECL) and [[Canadian Nuclear Laboratories Research Facilities|Canadian Nuclear Laboratories]] to promote the adoption of nuclear power in Jamaica.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://jis.gov.jm/govt-signs-mou-to-advance-nuclear-technologies-adoption-in-jamaica/ |title=Gov't Signs MOU to Advance Nuclear Technologies Adoption in Jamaica |date=23 October 2024 | publisher=[[Jamaica Information Service|The Jamaica Information Service]] |access-date=26 October 2024}}</ref>

Jamaica imports approximately {{convert|80000|oilbbl}} of oil energy products per day,<ref name="pcj.com"/> including asphalt and lubrication products. Just 20% of imported fuels are used for road transportation, the rest being used by the bauxite industry, electricity generation, and aviation. 30,000 barrels/day of crude imports are processed into various motor fuels and asphalt by the Petrojam Refinery in Kingston.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.petrojam.com/about-us/corporate-fact-sheet |title=Corporate Fact Sheet &#124; Petrojam Limited |publisher=Petrojam.com |access-date=2017-09-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415220606/http://www.petrojam.com/about-us/corporate-fact-sheet |archive-date=15 April 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Jamaica produces enormous quantities of [[hydrous ethanol|drinking alcohol]] (at least 5% water content), most of which appears to be consumed as beverages, and none used as motor fuel. Facilities exist to refine hydrous ethanol feedstock into [[Absolute ethanol|anhydrous ethanol]] (0% water content), but as of 2007, the process appeared to be uneconomic and the production plant was idle.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pcj.com/petrojam/associate_text.htm |title=Petroleum Corp of Jamaica, Petrojam Ethanol |access-date=21 July 2007 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20070717000252/http://www.pcj.com/petrojam/associate_text.htm |archive-date=17 July 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref> The facility has since been purchased by West Indies Petroleum Ltd. and repurposed for petroleum distillates.