Editing Lockheed U-2 (section)

==Variants==

===Primary list===
[[File:NASA ER-2.jpg|thumb|right|A NASA ER-2 atmospheric research aircraft in flight (2008)]]
:Subsection source: ''Aerospaceweb.org''<ref>[http://www.aerospaceweb.org/aircraft/recon/u2/ "Lockheed U-2 Dragon Lady: Tactical Reconnaissance."] {{Webarchive|url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20090707060403/http://www.aerospaceweb.org/aircraft/recon/u2/ |date=7 July 2009 }} ''Aerospaceweb''. Retrieved: 8 March 2009.</ref>

;U-2A: Initial production, single-seat; [[Pratt & Whitney J57-P-37A]] engine; 48 built
;U-2B: Proposed missile warning patrol aircraft; not built.{{sfn|Pocock|2000|pp=136–145}}
;U-2C: Enhanced single-seat model with [[Pratt & Whitney J75-P-13]] engine and modified engine intakes
;U-2D: 2 seat used for various IR detection programs, not a trainer aircraft.{{citation needed|date=April 2016}}
;U-2CT: Enhanced two-seat trainer.
;U-2E: Aerial refueling capable, J57-powered
;U-2F: Aerial refueling capable, J75-powered
;U-2G: C-models modified with reinforced landing gear, added [[Tailhook|arresting hook]], and lift dump spoilers on the wings for [[U.S. Navy]] carrier operations; three converted
;U-2H: Aircraft carrier capable, aerial refueling capable
;U-2R: Re-designed airframes enlarged nearly 30 percent with underwing pods and increased fuel capacity; 14 built
;U-2RT: Enhanced two-seat R-model trainer; one built
;U-2EPX: Proposed U.S. Navy maritime [[surveillance]] R-model; two built

;TR-1A: A third production batch of U-2R aircraft built for high-altitude tactical reconnaissance missions with the [[ASARS-2|ASARS-2 side-looking radar]], new [[avionics]], and improved [[Electronic countermeasures|ECM]] equipment; 33 built. Re-designated U-2R after the fall of the Soviet Union.
;TR-1B: Two TR-1A airframes completed as two-seat conversion trainers
;TU-2S: New redesignated TR-1B two-seat trainer with improved engine; five converted
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| caption = The second ER-2 (lead aircraft) and two U-2Ss on a demonstration flight from [[Moffett Field]] before moving to [[Edwards Air Force Base]], 1996. The farthest aircraft was modified from the first ER-2.<ref>{{Cite web|title=USAF Serial Number Search Results|url=http://cgibin.rcn.com/jeremy.k/cgi-bin/gzUsafSearch.pl?target=80-1063&content=|access-date=2021-09-05|website=cgibin.rcn.com|archive-date=29 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220929211707/http://cgibin.rcn.com/jeremy.k/cgi-bin/gzUsafSearch.pl?target=80-1063&content=|url-status=live}}</ref>
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;ER-2: Two TR-1A airframes, AF Ser. No. 80-1063, and Ser. No. 80-1097, modified as Earth resources research aircraft, moved from USAF to NASA and operated by the NASA High-Altitude Missions Branch, [[Ames Research Center]]. NASA flies Ser. No. 80-1097 as N809NA and Ser. No. 80-1063 as N806NA. 
;U-2S{{anchor|U-2S}}: Redesignation of the TR-1A and U-2R aircraft with updated [[General Electric F118]] engine, improved sensors, and addition of a [[GPS]] receiver; 31 converted
;WU-2: Atmospheric/weather research WU-model

===U-2E/F/H details===
[[File:U-2F refueling from KC-135Q.jpg|thumb|A [[Lockheed Corporation|Lockheed]] U-2F being refueled by a [[Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker|KC-135Q]]]]

In May 1961, in an attempt to extend the U-2's already considerable range, Lockheed modified six CIA U-2s and several USAF U-2s with aerial refueling equipment, which allowed the aircraft to receive fuel from either the [[Boeing KC-97 Stratofreighter|KC-97]] or from the [[Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker|KC-135]]. This extended the aircraft's range from approximately {{convert|4000|to|8000|nmi|km|sigfig=2|sp=us}} and extended its endurance to more than 14 hours. The [[Pratt & Whitney J57|J57]]-powered U-2Bs were re-designated U-2E and the [[Pratt & Whitney JT4A|J75]]-powered U-2Cs were redesignated U-2F.{{sfn|Polmar|2001|p=173}} Each modified U-2 also included an additional oxygen cylinder. However, pilot fatigue was not considered, and little use was made of the refueling capability. The only U-2H was both air refueling-capable and carrier-capable.<ref>{{YouTube|JvOeUnZDpps|"Video of U-2 refueling"}}. Retrieved: 26 December 2009</ref><ref>Pocock, Chris. [http://www.spyflight.co.uk/u-2s.htm "Lockheed U-2C/TR-1/U-2R/S."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080321185533/http://www.spyflight.co.uk/u-2s.htm |date=21 March 2008 }} ''spyflight.com'', 6 January 2008. Retrieved: 8 March 2009.</ref>

===U-2R/S details===
The U-2R, first flown in 1967, is significantly larger and more capable than the original aircraft. A tactical reconnaissance version, the ''TR-1A'', first flew in August 1981. A distinguishing feature of these aircraft is the addition of a large instrumentation "superpod" under each wing. Designed for standoff tactical reconnaissance in Europe, the TR-1A was structurally identical to the U-2R. The [[17th Reconnaissance Wing]], [[RAF Alconbury]], England used operational TR-1As from 1983 until 1991. The last U-2 and TR-1 aircraft were delivered to USAF in October 1989. In 1992 all TR-1s were re-designated to U-2R for uniformity across the fleet. The two-seat trainer variant of the TR-1, the ''TR-1B'', was redesignated as the ''TU-2R''. After upgrading with the GE F118-101 engine, the former U-2Rs were designated the ''U-2S'' ''Senior Year''.

===ER-2 details===
[[File:509916main ER-2 Charger landing 430c.jpg|thumb|ER-2 being chased by support vehicle on landing (2010)]]

A derivative of the U-2 known as the ER-2 (Earth Resources 2), in [[NASA]]'s white livery, is based at the Dryden Flight Research Center (now [[Armstrong Flight Research Center]]) and is used for high-altitude civilian research including Earth resources, celestial observations, atmospheric chemistry and dynamics, and oceanic processes. Programs using the aircraft include the [[Airborne Science Program]], [[NASA ERAST Program|ERAST]] and [[NASA Earth Science Enterprise|Earth Science Enterprise]]. Landings are assisted by another pilot at speeds exceeding {{convert|120|mph|km/h|sigfig=2|sp=us}} in a chase car.<ref>[http://www.nasa.gov/centers/dryden/Features/ER-2_Charger.html "NASA's white charger to the rescue."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110210151358/http://www.nasa.gov/centers/dryden/Features/ER-2_Charger.html |date=10 February 2011 }} ''NASA Dryden,'' 21 January 2011. Retrieved: 7 December 2015.</ref>