Editing Research and Analysis Wing (section)

===Europe===
====Belgium====
In 2021, R&AW is reported to have foiled an assassination plot hatched by [[Khalistan Commando Force]] militants from Belgium and United Kingdom, to target farmers' leader protesting at Delhi.<ref>{{cite web|author=ANI|url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/khalistani-terrorists-planning-to-kill-a-farmer-leader-intelligence-agencies-11613547238202.html|title=Khalistani terrorists from Belgium, UK planning to kill a farmer leader: intelligence agencies|date=17 February 2021|access-date=17 February 2021|publisher=Mint|archive-date=17 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210217082040/https://www.livemint.com/news/india/khalistani-terrorists-planning-to-kill-a-farmer-leader-intelligence-agencies/amp-11613547238202.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Plan to eliminate a farmer leader by Khalistani terrorist organisation leaders from Belgium, UK tracked by Central intel agencies|url=https://www.aninews.in/news/national/general-news/plan-to-eliminate-a-farmer-leader-by-khalistani-terrorist-organisation-leaders-from-belgium-uk-tracked-by-central-intel-agencies20210217124843/|access-date=2021-12-24|website=ANI News|language=en|archive-date=24 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211224125221/https://www.aninews.in/news/national/general-news/plan-to-eliminate-a-farmer-leader-by-khalistani-terrorist-organisation-leaders-from-belgium-uk-tracked-by-central-intel-agencies20210217124843/|url-status=live}}</ref>

====Germany====
Since 2014, R&AW has undertaken numerous physical surveillance, identification and tracking operations in Germany, targeted towards Khalistani militants and Islamic fundamentalists. It has aggressively recruited agents inside pro-Khalistan circles all across Germany, in cities like [[Frankfurt]] and [[Berlin]].<ref name="auto1">{{cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/news/india/trial-of-raw-agent-in-german-court-casts-spotlight-on-indias-secret-war-against-khalistan-terror-in-europe-2624861.html|title=Trial of 'R&AW Agent' in German Court Casts Spotlight on India's Secret War Against Khalistan Terror in Europe|access-date=19 May 2019|publisher=News18|archive-date=23 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523080722/https://www.news18.com/amp/news/india/trial-of-raw-agent-in-german-court-casts-spotlight-on-indias-secret-war-against-khalistan-terror-in-europe-2624861.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

The latest [[surveillance]] operation was undertaken in 2019, with target being Gurmeet Singh Bagga, co-leader of the [[Khalistan Zindabad Force]] and a fugitive wanted for the [[Khalistan Zindabad Force#Status|Punjab drone Arms drop Case]].<ref name="auto1"/>

====Italy====
After [[26/11]], it was uncovered that Pakistan's [[Inter-Services Intelligence|ISI]] had not only laundered large amount of money for the attack but also arranged [[Voice over IP|VOIP]] calls that allowed the handlers to talk to the militants through the Italian city of [[Brescia]].

So in order to counter these activities,  R&AW established a new station in [[Rome]].
Since then, it has undertaken hundreds of operations, directed towards [[Clandestine cell system|Sleeper cells]]/[[Espionage § Agents in espionage|operative]]s of Pakistan-based Islamic and Khalistani militant organisations.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.firstpost.com/world/italy-the-latest-isi-outpost-6010711.html/amp|title=Italy: The latest ISI outpost|publisher=First Post|access-date=1 February 2019|archive-date=27 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190427175127/https://www.firstpost.com/world/italy-the-latest-isi-outpost-6010711.html/amp|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/amp/sikh-extremists-in-canada-the-uk-and-italy-are-working-with-isi-or-independently/299753|title=Sikh Extremists In Canada, The UK And Italy Are Working With ISI Or Independently|access-date=1 February 2018|publisher=Outlook|archive-date=3 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180203090858/https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/amp/sikh-extremists-in-canada-the-uk-and-italy-are-working-with-isi-or-independently/299753|url-status=live}}</ref> It has also aggressively recruited agents inside Pro-Khalistan circles all across Italy<ref name="auto1"/>

====United Kingdom====

During the 1980s, R&AW launched an extensive operation in London to neutralise UK-based Pakistani national Abdul Khan, who had played an instrumental role in sheltering extremists and planning attacks in India.<ref name="The New Indian Express">{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/magazine/2020/Aug/02/raw-a-history-of-indias-covert-operations-showcases-indias-shadow-warriors-2176989.html|title=R&AW: A History of India's Covert Operations' showcases India's shadow warriors|date=2 August 2020|publisher=The New Indian Express|access-date=10 October 2023|archive-date=20 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230920033749/https://www.newindianexpress.com/magazine/2020/aug/02/raw-a-history-of-indias-covert-operations-showcases-indias-shadow-warriors-2176989.amp|url-status=live}}</ref>

Since the suppression and defeat of [[Insurgency in Punjab|Khalistani insurgency]] in the late 1990s, R&AW has greatly expanded its informant network inside Khalistani circles and associations in the UK. Wanted Khalistanis like Paramjeet Singh Pamma and Kuldeep Singh Chaheru&nbsp;have been living in UK since they fled in 1992, thus necessitating increased R&AW presence.{{according to whom|date=November 2021}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/know-all-about-the-2-prominent-khalistani-extremists-who-led-anti-india-rally-in-london-amid-farmers-protest-in-india-1747912-2020-12-09|title=Know all about the 2 prominent 'Khalistani extremists' who led anti-India rally in London amid farmers' protest in India|date=9 December 2020|publisher=India Today|access-date=10 October 2023|archive-date=20 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230920035415/https://www.indiatoday.in/amp/india/story/know-all-about-the-2-prominent-khalistani-extremists-who-led-anti-india-rally-in-london-amid-farmers-protest-in-india-1747912-2020-12-09|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="auto1"/><ref name="The New Indian Express"/>

On 15 June 2023, Avtar Singh Khanda, the UK-based chief of the [[Khalistan Liberation Force]] (KLF) was suddenly admitted to the hospital with a case of blood cancer, and later died. His followers in the UK believe that Indian intelligence had him poisoned and are demanding the full medical report.<ref>{{Cite web |title=UK-based Khalistan Liberation Force chief on life support in London, poisoning suspected |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/khalistan-liberation-force-chief-avtar-singh-khanda-poisoned-life-support-at-hospital-in-london-2393179-2023-06-15 |access-date=2023-06-30 |website=India Today |date=15 June 2023 |language=en |archive-date=30 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230630210703/https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/khalistan-liberation-force-chief-avtar-singh-khanda-poisoned-life-support-at-hospital-in-london-2393179-2023-06-15 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-06-15 |title=Amritpal Singh's close aide Avtar Singh Khanda dies in UK |url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/amritpal-singhs-close-aide-and-khalistan-sympathiser-avtar-singh-khanda-dies-in-uk-11686802631976.html |access-date=2023-06-30 |website=mint |language=en |archive-date=30 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230630210703/https://www.livemint.com/news/india/amritpal-singhs-close-aide-and-khalistan-sympathiser-avtar-singh-khanda-dies-in-uk-11686802631976.html |url-status=live }}</ref>