Editing SEPTA (section)

== Equipment ==
=== Buses ===
{{See also|Trolleybuses in Philadelphia}}
[[File:SEPTA Nova Bus.jpg|thumb|A SEPTA Nova Bus, 2016]]
In 1982, SEPTA ordered buses from [[Neoplan USA]], a purchase that was both the largest for Neoplan at the time and SEPTA's largest to date. These buses were used throughout the SEPTA service area. SEPTA changed its specifications on new bus orders each year. The Neoplan AK's (numbered 8285–8410), which was SEPTA's first Neoplan order, had longitudinal seating: all of the seats face towards the aisle. Their suburban counterparts (8411–8434) had longitudinal seating only in the rear of the bus. The back door has a wheelchair ramp, which forced SEPTA officials to limit its use and specify [[wheelchair lift]]s in their next order. These buses had a nine-liter [[Detroit Diesel Series 92|6v92 engine]] and [[Allison Transmission|Allison]] HT-747 transmission.

In 1983, SEPTA, along with other transit operators in Pennsylvania, ordered 1,000 Neoplan buses of various lengths. SEPTA ultimately received 450 buses from this order: 425 were {{convert|40|ft|m|adj=on}} buses (BD 8435–8584 and CD 8601–8875), which came without wheelchair lifts, and 25 {{convert|35|ft|m|adj=on}} buses (BP 1301–1325).

SEPTA purchased additional Neoplans in 1986. The first two groups (3000–3131 and 3132–3251) came without rear wheelchair lifts; the last two groups, one in late 1987 (3252–3371) and another in 1989 (3372–3491), included them. All Neoplans built between 1986 and 1989 were equipped with a ZF [[ZF Ecomat|4HP-590 transmission]].

By the early 1990s, SEPTA had 1,092 [[Neoplan Transliner (North America)|Neoplan AN440]] coaches in active service, making it the largest transit system in North America with a fleet primarily manufactured by Neoplan USA. These buses dominated the streets of Philadelphia through late 1997 when the earlier fleet of AK and BD Neoplans (8285–8581) was replaced by 400 buses built by [[North American Bus Industries|American Ikarus]] and – the same company after a 1996 reorganization – [[North American Bus Industries]]. The older GMC RTS 35- and 40-foot buses were also replaced in this order, with the sole remaining exception of No. 4462, a 35-foot coach. More replacements occurred when SEPTA received its first [[low-floor bus|low-floor]] fleet and retired the last AN440 buses on June 20, 2008.

The Neoplan model had not entirely vanished from Philadelphia's streets by the start of the 21st century. In 1998, SEPTA ordered 155 [[articulated bus]]es from the company. These buses replaced the 1984 Volvo 10BM 60-foot articulated buses. These buses have now been retired since late 2015, replaced by the 2013–2016 NovaBus LFS-A HEV.

The 1998 purchase included 89 29-foot Transmark-29 buses from [[ElDorado (bus manufacturer)|National-Eldorado]] (4501–4580, 4581 received later), the first of which began to arrive in late 2000. Most of these buses ran on suburban routes occasionally entering the city, but some are in the "LUCY" service in the University City section of West Philadelphia, in a special paint scheme, and others on lighter lines within Philadelphia. SEPTA had decided to buy from Metrotrans Legacy, SEPTA's first choice in small buses, but the company filed for bankruptcy in 1999.

A fleet of buses known as "cutaways" were purchased. These buses were built on Ford van chassis, with bodies similar to those seen on car rental shuttles at various airports. These buses were retired around 2003 and replaced with slightly larger [[cutaway bus]]es on a Freightliner truck chassis.

After evaluating sample buses from [[New Flyer]] and [[NovaBus]] in 1994–96, SEPTA ordered 100 low-floor buses (nos. 5401–5500) from New Flyer in 2001.

[[Trolleybus|Trackless trolley (trolley bus)]] service was suspended in 2003 and the 110 [[AM General]] vehicles that had provided service on SEPTA's five trackless trolley routes never returned to service.<ref name="tm270">{{Cite journal |date=November–December 2006 |title=Trolleynews |journal=Trolleybus Magazine |issue=270 |page=144}}</ref> In early 2006, SEPTA ordered 38 new low-floor trackless trolleys from New Flyer, which entered service in 2008, restoring trackless service on routes 59, 66 and 75. These buses replaced SEPTA Neoplan EZs, ending Neoplan's 26-year domination.<ref name="tm280" />

SEPTA placed an order with delivery starting in 2008 for 400 New Flyer [[hybrid bus]]es—with options for up to 80 additional buses to replace the NABI Ikarus buses at the end of their 12-year life.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cheung |first=Eric |date=November 19, 2007 |title=The Philadelphia Diesel Difference – Working Group Meeting |url=http://www.cleanair.org/dieseldifference/workinggroup/workgrp2007/nov07.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080821102223/http://www.cleanair.org/dieseldifference/workinggroup/workgrp2007/nov07.htm |archive-date=August 21, 2008 |access-date=October 12, 2010 |publisher=Clean Air Council |quote=SEPTA will have the option of ordering an additional 20 hybrid electric buses for each of the four years the 100 contractually obligated buses have been delivered. |df=mdy-all}}</ref> These will not be the first hybrid buses, since SEPTA purchased two small groups of hybrids, 5601H–5612H, which arrived in 2003, and 5831H–5850H in 2004.

Prior to the 2008 purchase, SEPTA borrowed an MTA New York City Transit Orion VII hybrid bus # 6365 to evaluate it in service. SEPTA was the first to purchase New Flyer DE40LFs equipped with rooftop HVAC units. SEPTA delivered 525 2017–2022 NFI XDE40 hybrid buses to replace all the diesel buses that were delivered between 2001 and 2004. SEPTA is replacing cloth seats with plastic seats on their buses that were delivered after 2008 in an effort to combat [[bed bug]] infestations.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Winberg |first=Michaela |date=September 7, 2018 |title=Bed bug battle: SEPTA's installing 900 plastic seats over the next few years |url=https://billypenn.com/2018/09/07/bed-bug-battle-septas-installing-900-plastic-seats-over-the-next-few-years |access-date=September 7, 2018 |publisher=Billy Penn}}</ref>

SEPTA's revenue from advertisements on the backs of its buses leads the authority to order mainly buses equipped with a rooftop HVAC, and with their rear route-number sign mounted on the roof, especially on 2008–2009 New Flyer DE40LFs and future orders.<ref>{{Cite web |title=An Example of Rear advertising used on SEPTA's DE40LF and D40LF buses |url=http://i222.photobucket.com/albums/dd5/Bustitution/More%20than%201in%201/8139-5820.jpg |access-date=May 22, 2010}}</ref>

In 2016, SEPTA launched a pilot program that would see [[battery electric bus]]es replace diesel buses on former trackless trolley routes 29 and 79. Using a $2.6-million [[Federal Transit Administration]] grant, the agency ordered 25 such buses from [[Proterra, Inc.]] of California, together with two overhead fast-charging stations. They are expected to enter service in 2017, returning electric propulsion to these routes after nearly 15 years of diesel operation.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Smith |first=Sandy |date=2016-07-29 |title=SEPTA Shows Off Quiet New Electric Bus to Public |language=en-US |work=Philadelphia Magazine |url=http://www.phillymag.com/news/2016/07/29/septa-electric-bus/ |access-date=2017-11-30}}</ref> These same busses were sidelined in February, 2020 for an undisclosed reason, but multiple agency sources blamed a defect in the buses' plastic chassis that led to a cracking problem.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Briggs |first=Ryan |date=2020-09-17 |title=Philly's entire fleet of battery-powered buses has been MIA since February |language=en-US |work=WHYY |url=https://whyy.org/articles/phillys-entire-fleet-of-battery-powered-buses-has-been-mia-since-february/ |access-date=2020-10-29}}</ref>

In 2021, SEPTA placed an order for 220 New Flyer XDE40 buses with an option for 120 additional buses. These buses replaced the New Flyer D40LF buses that were delivered in 2005 and are currently replacing the New Flyer DE40LF buses that were delivered between 2008-2009.

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:90%; font-size:90%"
|-
!Model
!Thumbnail
!Propulsion
!Length
!Year
!Fleet Series ({{Tooltip|Qty.|Quantity}})
!Notes
|-
| [[New Flyer Low Floor|New Flyer E40LFR]]
| [[File:2008 New FLyer E40LFR.jpg|alt3=On the roof of the trackless trolley two poles rise up to contact overhead wires.|150px]]
| [[Trolleybus|Electric trolleybus]]
|{{Convert|40|ft|abbr=on}}
| 2007-2008 || 800-837 (38)
|
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[New Flyer Low Floor|New Flyer DE40LF]]
| rowspan="2" | [[File:SEPTA 8130 800px.jpg|149x149px]]
| rowspan="6" | [[Diesel-electric hybrid bus|Diesel-electric hybrid]]
| rowspan="2" |{{Convert|40|ft|abbr=on}}
|-
|2009
|8220-8339 (17 units remaining)
|
*Currently being retired
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[New Flyer Low Floor|New Flyer DE40LFR]]
| rowspan="2" | [[File:SEPTA bus 8522 at Market Street and 12th Street.jpeg|150px]]
| rowspan="2" |{{Convert|40|ft|abbr=on}}
| 2010
| 8340-8459 (54 currently in service)
|
*Units 8341-8343, 8345-8349, 8351-8355 8357-8358, 8360-8361 8363-8370 8378, 8380-8396, 8398, 8401, 8418-8420, 8423, 8425-8427, 8429-8430, 8432, and 8454 are retired.
|-
| 2011 || 8460-8559 (93 currently in service)
|
*Units 8473, 8477, 8496, 8509, 8514, 8536, and 8547 are retired.
|-
| [[Nova Bus LFS#Variants|Nova Bus LFSA HEV]]
| [[File:SEPTA bus 7458 at Valley Square Boulevard and Main Street in Warrington PA.jpeg|150px]]
|62&nbsp;ft
(18.9 m)
| 2013-2016 || 7300-7484 (185)
|
|-
| [[Nova Bus LFS#Variants|Nova Bus LFS HEV]]
| [[File:SEPTA bus 8625 at Market Street and 12th Street.jpeg|150px]]
|{{Convert|40|ft|abbr=on}}
| 2014 || 8600-8689 (90)
|
|-
| [[New Flyer MiDi]]
| [[File:SEPTA bus 4631 at Willow Grove Park Mall.jpeg|150px]]
| [[Diesel fuel|Diesel]]
|{{Convert|30|ft|abbr=on}}
| 2016 || 4600-4634 (35)
|
|-
| [[Proterra Catalyst BE40]]
| [[File:SEPTA bus 920, September 2019.jpg|150px]]
| [[Battery electric bus|Battery-electric]]
|{{Convert|40|ft|abbr=on}}
| 2017 || 900-924 (25)
|
* Currently sidelined from service.
* Status of service TBD.
|-
| rowspan="7" | [[New Flyer XDE40]]
| rowspan="7" | [[File:SEPTA bus 3061 at JFK Boulevard and 15th Street.jpeg|150px]]
| rowspan="7" | [[Diesel-electric hybrid bus|Diesel-electric hybrid]]
| rowspan="7" |{{Convert|40|ft|abbr=on}}
| 2016-2017
| 3000-3089 (90)
|
|-
|2018
|3090-3194 (105)
|
|-
|2019
|3195-3294 (100)
|
|-
|2019-2020
|3295-3409 (115)
|
|-
|2020-2021
|3410-3524 (115)
|
|-
|2022-2024
|3525-3744 (220)
|
|-
|2025
|3745-3864 (120)
|
* Currently Being Delivered
|}

=== Subway ===
[[File:Broad St Line Interior.jpg|thumb|The interior of a [[Broad Street Line]] train]]
The Broad Street Line uses cars built by [[Kawasaki Heavy Industries|Kawasaki]] between 1982 and 1984. These cars, known as B-IV as they are the fourth generation used on the line, are stainless steel and include some cars with operating cabs at both ends, as well as some with only a single cab. These cars use the [[Standard-gauge railway|standard gauge]] of {{Track gauge|ussg}}.

The [[Market–Frankford Line]] uses a class of cars known as M-4, as they, like the Broad Street B-IVs, represent the line's fourth generation of cars and were built from 1997 to 1999 by [[Adtranz]]. These cars use a [[broad gauge]] of {{RailGauge|5ft2.25in}}, known as "[[Pennsylvania trolley gauge]]". In 2017, 90 cars had emergency welding to fix cracking steel beams.<ref name="WHYY">{{Cite web |last=Briggs |first=Ryan |title=SEPTA spends millions to fix cracking subway cars with 'hoagie' of steel |url=https://whyy.org/articles/septa-spends-millions-to-fix-cracking-subway-cars-with-hoagie-of-steel/ |access-date=October 29, 2020 |website=WHYY }}</ref> Then in 2020 all the cars, including the ones temporarily repaired in 2017, had to have more permanent welding to fix cracking steel beams.<ref name="WHYY" />

=== Trolley ===
[[File:SEPTA LRVs at the maintenance facility, 1993.jpg|thumb|A SEPTA single-end Kawasaki [[Tram|trolley]] in the maintenance yard in 1993|alt=Three abreast white trolleys with a red stripe around the vehicle ends.]]
The SEPTA trolley fleet has three different types of cars.

The 112 vehicles used on the [[SEPTA subway–surface trolley lines|SEPTA Subway–Surface trolley lines]] (Routes [[SEPTA Route 10|10]], [[SEPTA Route 11|11]], [[SEPTA Route 13|13]], [[SEPTA Route 34|34]], and [[SEPTA Route 36|36]]) were built by [[Kawasaki Heavy Industries|Kawasaki]] beginning in 1981 after a 1980 prototype was delivered and tested. Known as "K-cars", they use the {{RailGauge|5ft2.25in|lk=on}} Pennsylvania trolley gauge. Larger than the replaced PCC cars they are 50 feet long and capable of reaching a top speed of {{Convert|40|mph|abbr=out}}. They also were the first in North America to have unitized roof-mounted air conditioners and to have electronic control of switches at junctions. The city cars operate out of two depots, Elmwood and Callowhill.

The [[Media–Sharon Hill Line|suburban trolley lines]] (Routes [[Media–Sharon Hill Line|101 and 102]]) use 29 Kawasaki-built vehicles similar to, but slightly larger than, the Subway–Surface trolleys. They use a slightly wider track gauge than the city lines – {{RailGauge|5ft2.5in|lk=on}} – but the same wheel gauge. Wheel profiles are different and different gear ratios provide higher speeds. Notably, they are double-ended, unlike the Subway-Surface trolleys, as these lines lack any loops to turn the vehicles at their suburban terminals. Unlike the city cars, which use traditional [[trolley pole]] power collectors, the suburban cars use [[Pantograph (transport)|pantographs]] and are capable of a top speed of {{Convert|50|mph|abbr=out}}.

[[SEPTA Route 15]] (Girard Avenue Line) uses [[SEPTA PCC II|PCC]] cars. These cars were originally built in 1947 by the [[St. Louis Car Company]] and were rebuilt by [[Brookville Equipment Corporation|Brookville]] (and renamed PCC II) for the line's reopening in 2003 to include air conditioning and a [[wheelchair lift]]. The Girard line has the same {{RailGauge|5ft2.25in|lk=on}} Pennsylvania trolley gauge as the Subway-Surface lines and operates out of Callowhill depot. Since 2020, these cars are once again being rebuilt by SEPTA and when scheduled to return in 2023, they will feature plastic seating.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Meyers |first=Michelle |date=July 13, 2022 |title=When will the Route 15 trolleys be back? |work=[[The Philadelphia Inquirer]] |url=https://www.inquirer.com/transportation/philadelphia-route-15-trolleys.html |access-date=September 14, 2022}}</ref>

Currently, SEPTA is ordering new 130 low floor streetcars that will be built and delivered by [[Alstom]]. These trolley cars are scheduled to enter service between 2027-2030. These cars will operate on the Subway-Surface trolleys, as well as Route 15 and the suburban trolleys.

=== Regional Rail ===
[[File:SEPTA Silverliner V 834 inbound approaching Hatboro Station.jpg|thumb|SEPTA's [[Silverliner V]] approaching the [[Hatboro station]]]]
{{Further|SEPTA Regional Rail#Rolling stock}}SEPTA's regional rail services primarily use a fleet of "[[Silverliner]]" electric multiple unit cars. During rush-hour service they are supplemented by a small fleet of unpowered passenger cars, based on the "[[Comet (railcar)|Comet]]" family of railcars, hauled by 15 [[Siemens ACS-64]] electric locomotives.

=== Interurban ===
The [[Norristown High Speed Line]] uses a unique class of 26 cars known as N-5s. They were delivered in 1993 by [[ABB]] after significant production difficulties and a change of assembly locations. These cars are powered by a nominally 600 volt top-contact third rail. They run on a standard gauge track.  They are the first fleet of cars in North America to have Alternating Current (AC) traction motors.

They have running gear (trucks) incorporating design elements used on the Swedish High-Speed trains.  Axle suspensions provide flexibility that allows axles to steer themselves around curves as small as 5 degrees. While the vehicles were designed for a top speed of {{Convert|80|mph|abbr=out}}, the signal system allows operations at up to {{Convert|70|mph|abbr=out}}.

=== Accessibility ===
All of SEPTA's buses are fully accessible under the requirements of the [[Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990|Americans with Disabilities Act]] (ADA).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vehicle Accessibility |url=http://www.septa.org/access/vehicle.html |access-date=2022-02-26 |website=SEPTA}}</ref> As of February 2022, about 46% of its subway and commuter rail stations combined are ADA-compliant, which is the second-lowest accessibility rate for rail stops in the country. The [[New York City Subway]], at 28% as of September 2021, has the lowest in the nation.<ref>{{Cite map |author=SEPTA |year=2020 |title=SEPTA Regional Rail & Rail Transit |url=http://www.septa.org/maps/pdf/septa-regional-rail-rail-transit-line-map.pdf |access-date=2022-02-26}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Sequeira |first=Robbie |date=2021-09-22 |title=Six Bronx Subway Stations Could Be ADA-Accessible Under MTA Proposal |work=[[Bronx Times]] |url=https://www.bxtimes.com/six-bronx-subway-stations-could-be-ada-accessible-under-mta-proposal/}}</ref>

The trolley vehicles are fully inaccessible, except for the PCCIIIs, meaning that no suburban trolley stop can possibly be compliant with the ADA.<ref>{{Cite report |url=https://www.dvrpc.org/Reports/17010.pdf |title=Modern Trolley Station Design Guide: SEPTA Suburban Transit Division, Routes 101 & 102 |last=Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission |date=May 2018 |page=3 |author-link=Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission |access-date=2022-02-26}}</ref> SEPTA was sued successfully over its lack of accessibility back in 2009.<ref>{{Cite court|litigants=Disabled in Action of Pennsylvania v. Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority|court=E.D. Pa.|reporter=F. Supp. 2d|vol=655|opinion=553|date=2009|postscript=none}}, ''aff'd'' {{Cite court|court=3d Cir.|reporter=F. 3d|vol=635|opinion=87|date=2011}}</ref>